欢迎来到加倍考研网! 北京 上海 广州 深圳 天津
微信二维码
在线客服 40004-98986
推荐适合你的在职研究生专业及院校
1997年考研英语阅读第四篇—本文是一篇关于大众传媒题材的文章散则为死

1997年考研英语阅读第四篇—本文是一篇关于大众传媒题材的文章

原文+翻译:No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation.没有一家公司乐意听到别人说自己引起了社会的道德败坏。“Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?”参议员罗伯特·多尔上星期质问时代—华纳公司管理人员时说:“难道这就是你们要成就的事业吗?你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂,难道还非要败坏我们的国家、威胁我们的孩子不成?”At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990.不过,对于成立于1990年的时代—华纳而言,这样的质问仅仅是公司进行反思的最新表现,It’s a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.是一种自我反省,在不同时代已涉及到责任、创作自由和公司底线等不同问题。At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin, 56, who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and rece the company’s mountainous debt,56岁的现任董事长杰拉德·列文是争论的焦点人物,他于1992年接替已故董事长斯蒂夫·罗斯。财政方面,他承受着使股价升值,减少公司巨额债务的压力。which will increase to $17.3 billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently.在两笔新的有线电视交易谈妥后,公司债务将达到173亿美元。他也允诺出售部分资产并对公司进行重组,但现在投资者们仍在焦急地等待着。The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him.人们对说唱音乐的焦虑并没使他的日子好过一些。Levin has consistently defended the company’s rap music on the grounds of expression.列文一向以表现方式为理由来捍卫公司的说唱音乐。In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet.1992年公司因出品Ice-T乐队暴力的说唱歌曲《警察杀手》后倍受谴责时,列文却将说唱音乐描述为街头文化的合法表达方式,并说它应该有自己的宣泄途径。“The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We won’t retreat in the face of any threats.”他在《华尔街日报》一篇专栏文章中写道:“对任何一个民主社会的检验,不在于它能多有效的控制情感的表达,而在于是否给予了人们最广泛的思考和表达自由,尽管有时这种结果会引起争论和愤怒。我们不会在任何威胁面前退却。”Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backing off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent.列文不愿对上周的辩论做任何评论,但有迹象表明,这位懂事长至少在某种程度上放弃了自己强硬的立场。During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month’s stockholders’ meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society’s ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.在上个月就摇滚乐的歌词进行讨论的股东会议上,列文宣称“音乐不是社会问题的病因”,他甚至还以自己的儿子为例,他儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的一名教师,上课时用说唱的形式与学生进行交流。But he talked as well about the “balanced struggle” between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.但他也谈到了创作自由和社会责任之间要“保持平衡”的问题,还宣布对一些可能令人反感的音乐,公司将致力于制定一套发行和标识的标准。The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive of Levin and his corporate strategy.一般来说,时代—华纳公司的15位董事是支持列文和他为公司制定的经营策略的。But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter.但内部人士透露其中几位对此事表示担忧。“Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,” says Luce. “I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.”“我们中的一些人多年来一直知道,《宪法》第一修正案所规定的自由并非毫无限制”,鲁斯说,“我认为与公司有关系的一些人可能最近才意识到这一点”。试题:51. Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for.[A] its raising of the corporate stock price[B] its self-examination of soul[C] its neglect of social responsibility[D] its emphasis on creative freedom52. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?[A] Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.[B] Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.[C] Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.[D] Steve Ross is no longer alive.53. In face of the recent attacks on the company, the chairman.[A] stuck to a strong stand to defend freedom of expression[B] softened his tone and adopted some new policy[C] changed his attitude and yielded to objection[D] received more support from the 15-member board54. The best title for this passage could be.[A] A Company under Fire[B] A Debate on Moral Decline[C] A Lawful Outlet of Street Culture[D] A Form of Creative Freedom答案:CDBA

人鬼神

1997年考研英语完形填空—本文介绍美国临时劳工日益庞大这一现象

原文:Manpower Inc., with 560 000 workers, is the world’s largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 1 into the offices and factories of, seeking a day’s work for a day’s pay.One day at a time. 2 instrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 3 recing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.4 its economy continues to recover, theis increasingly becoming a nation of part- timers and temporary workers. This “ 5 ” work force is the most important 6 in American business today, and it is 7 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 8 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 9 by employment rules, health care costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 10 that came from being a loyal employee.1.[A] swarm [B] stride [C] separate [D] slip2.[A] For [B] Because [C] As [D] Since3.[A] from [B] in [C] on [D] by4.[A] Even though [B] Now that [C] If only [D] Provided that5.[A] rable [B] disposable[C] available[D] transferable6.[A] approach [B] flow [C] fashion [D] trend7.[A] instantly [B] reversely [C]fundamentally[D] sufficiently8.[A] but [B] while [C] and [D] whereas9.[A] imposed [B] restricted [C] illustrated[D] confined10.[A] excitement [B] conviction[C] enthusiasm[D] importance全文翻译拥有56万雇员的劳务公司是全球最大的临时就业中介机构。每天清晨,公司中大量的人员涌入美国的办公室和工厂中,为获得一天的收入来寻找一份工作,干一天算一天。当通用汽车公司和IBM等工业巨头靠减员而勉强支撑时,坐落于威斯康星州麦尔乌柯市的劳务公司却在蓬勃地发展。虽然美国的经济还在继续复苏,美国却日益成为一个兼职者和临时工的国家。这种“即用即抛型”劳动力已成为美国企业用人最为重要的趋势。它也正在从根本上改变人们和他们所从事的工作之间的关系。这一现象给公司提供了一种方式,使得它们能够在全球范围内具有竞争性,同时又可以避免市场的周期性和由就业法规、医疗保险和退休金方案所带来的逐渐加重的负担。对工人来说,这意味着作为一名忠实雇员所享有的安全感、福利以及从属带来的重要感都一去不复返了。答案:1 A 2 C 3 D 4 A 5 B 6 D 7 C 8 B 9 A 10D

雕琢复朴

1997年考研英语阅读第五篇—本文介绍美国及其他发达国家经济形势

原文+翻译:Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes,” makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth.很多用来描述货币政策的词,如“引导经济软着陆”,“触动经济刹车”,使货币政策听起来像是一门精确的科学。事实远非如此。The link between interest rates and inflation is uncertain.利率和通货膨胀之间的关系难以确定。And there are long, variable lags before policy changes have any effect on the economy.在政策改变对经济产生影响之前,会有一段较长时间且变化不定的后滞期。Hence the analogy that likens the conct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen, a cracked rear-view mirror and a faulty steering wheel.因此,才会有人将货币政策的制定比作是驾驶一辆汽车,这辆车挡风玻璃被涂黑了、后视镜裂了,方向盘也失灵了。Given all these disadvantages, central bankers seem to have had much to boast about of late.尽管有这么多不利因素,中央银行家们似乎对近来之形势有了不少值得夸耀的东西。Average inflation in the big seven instrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July. This is a long way below the double-digit rates which many countries experienced in the 1970s and early 1980s.西方七大工业国去年的平均通货膨胀降至仅2.3%,接近三十年来的最低水平。今年7月略微升高到2.5%。这远远低于许多国家在70年代和80年代早期经历的两位数的膨胀率。It is also less than most forecasters had predicted.这也低于许多预测者预测的数字。In late 1994 the panel of economists which The Economist polls each month said that America’s inflation rate would average 3.5% in 1995. In fact, it fell to 2.6% in August, and is expected to average only about 3% for the year as a whole.1994年底,每月接受《经济学家》意见调查的一组经济学家指出,美国在1995年的平均通货膨胀率将达到3.5%。实际上,8月份就降到了2.6%,而且有望全年仅为3%。In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year.去年年底,英国和日本的通货膨胀率实际上比预测的要低半个百分点。This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.这不是昙花一现;在过去几年里,英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America’s, have little proctive slack.经济学家对英美两国有利的通胀率特别感到诧异,因为传统的计量方法表明两国经济,特别是美国经济几乎没有出现生产萧条。America’s capacity utilization, for example, hit historically high levels earlier this year, and its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen below most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment -- the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.比如,美国的生产力利用率在今年早些时候达到了历史最高水平,失业率(八月份为5.6%)已降到低于很多人对自然失业率的估测——过去,当比率低于自然失业率时,通货膨胀率早已迅速上升。Why has inflation proved so mild? The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective.为何通货膨胀如此和缓?可惜的是,即使是最令人兴奋的解释也会有小的缺陷。Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.一些经济学家认为,世界经济结构强有力的变化已经推翻了以往那种以经济增长和通货膨胀率的历史关联为基础的旧有的经济模式。试题:51. From the passage we learn that.[A] there is a definite relationship between inflation and interest rates[B] economy will always follow certain models[C] the economic situation is better than expected[D] economists had foreseen the present economic situation52. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?[A] Making monetary policies is comparable to driving a car[B] An extremely low jobless rate will lead to inflation[C] A high unemployment rate will result from inflation[D] Interest rates have an immediate effect on the economy53.The sentence “This is no flash in the pan” (Line 5, Paragraph 3) means that.[A] the low inflation rate will last for some time[B] the inflation rate will soon rise[C] the inflation will disappear quickly[D] there is no inflation at present54.The passage shows that the author is_____the present situation. [A] critical of[B] puzzled by[C] disappointed at[D] amazed at答案:CBAD

核桃派

1997年考研英语阅读第三篇—本文是一篇关于“物质滥用”的文章

原文+翻译:Technically, any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a drug.从专业角度说,除食品外,任何能改变我们生理和心理机能的物质都是药物。Many people mistakenly believe the term drug refers only to some sort of medicine or an illegal chemical taken by drug addicts.很多人错误地认为“药物”一词仅仅指某些药品或是吸毒者服用的违禁化学品。They don’t realize that familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco are also drugs.他们没有意识到诸如酒精、烟草这些我们熟悉的物质也是药物。This is why the more neutral term substance is now used by many physicians and psychologists.这就是为什么现在许多内科医生和心理学家使用“物质”这个更加中性的词。The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.他们常用“物质滥用”而不用“药物滥用”来清楚表示滥用酒精、烟草这样的物质可能如同滥用海洛因和可卡因一样有害。We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.我们生活在一个物质(药物)在医疗和社交方面使用广泛的社会里:用来缓解头痛的阿斯匹林,用来应酬的酒,早晨用来提神的咖啡,还有定神用的香烟。When do these socially acceptable and apparently constructive uses of a substance become misuses?使用这些物质得到了社会认可,且显然具有积极的作用,但什么时候就变成滥用了呢?First of all, most substances taken in excess will proce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions.首先,大多数物质的过量使用都会产生负面影响,如中毒或严重的知觉错乱。Repeated use of a substance can also lead to physical addiction or substance dependence.反复使用一种物质可以导致成瘾或对该物质的依赖。Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance,依赖的最初表现是不断增长的耐药量,with more and more of the substance required to proce the desired effect,要产生预期的效果需要的药剂量越来越大,and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.然后是一旦中断使用就会出现难受的停药症状。Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances.影响中枢神经系统,改变知觉、情绪和行为的药物(物质)被称为精神活性物质Psychoactive substances are commonly grouped according to whether they are stimulants, depressants, or hallucinogens.它们通常按照功能被分为兴奋剂、镇静剂和幻觉剂。Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system,兴奋剂主要起到加速或激活中枢神经系统的作用,whereas depressants slow it down.而镇静剂则减缓它的活动。Hallucinogens have their primary effect on perception, distorting and altering it in a variety of ways including procing hallucinations.幻觉剂主要影响人的知觉,通过多种方式扭曲或改变知觉,其中包括产生幻觉。These are the substances often called psychedelic (from the Greek word meaning “mind-manifesting”) because they seemed to radically alter one’s state of consciousness.这些物质常被认为能“引起幻觉”(psychedelic一词源于希腊语,意为“心灵显现”),因为它们似乎能彻底改变人的意识状态。试题:51. “Substance abuse” (Line 5, Paragraph 1) is preferable to “drug abuse” in that.[A] substances can alter our bodily or mental functioning if illegally used [B] “drug abuse” is only related to a limited number of drug takers[C] alcohol and tobacco are as fatal as heroin and cocaine[D] many substances other than heroin or cocaine can also be poisonous52. The word “pervasive” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean.[A] widespread[B] overwhelming[C] piercing[D] fashionable53. Physical dependence on certain substances results from.[A] uncontrolled consumption of them over long periods of time[B] exclusive use of them for social purposes[C] quantitative application of them to the treatment of diseases[D] careless employment of them for unpleasant symptoms54. From the last paragraph we can infer that.[A] stimulants function positively on the mind[B] hallucinogens are in themselves harmful to health[C] depressants are the worst type of psychoactive substances[D] the three types of psychoactive substances are commonly used in groups答案:DAAB

弟为盗跖

1997年考研英语写作题型分析和范文—本文是介绍烟草的图片题型

原题:Directions:Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words.Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:Interpret the following pictures.Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.审题谋篇1997年的作文看起来非常简单,是我们非常熟悉的吸烟问题,似乎每个人都能就此发表自己的观点。实则不然,这篇文章有几个暗含的难点。首先,与往年不同,本年度的图表比较复杂,包含四幅图画。第一幅图是1994年与1995年世界烟草总产量的一个比较图;第二幅图是一个扇形图,说明烟民占世界人口的比例(在此,我们可以看到这个比例是非常高的,言外之意,对吸烟的控制将不是一件轻而易举的事情);第三幅图和第四幅图分别显示吸烟带来的经济损失和人员损失之大,进一步说明控制吸烟势在必行。考生看了四幅图后,首先应该做的一件事情就是寻找四幅图之间的逻辑联系和内在线索,而不是简单地依次描述四幅图。其次,本作文另外一个难点就是文章的重点或落脚点比较隐蔽,也就是在文章提纲的第二点要求上:预测烟草消费的趋势并给出原因。基于以上的分析,这篇文章最好分为两段或者三段。第一段段首可以着重利用后两幅图,论述吸烟的危害性,段末部分使用第一幅图点出文章的中心:烟草消费量可能下降的趋势。文章第二段可着重论述这种消费下降趋势的原因。考生也可以在第二段段首点明烟草消费下降的趋势,进而阐述原因。范文使用第二种方法。考生可以根据实际情况,增加一个第三段,客观地分析烟草消费量下降不是一件容易的事,在此可以利用第三幅图,说明烟民占世界总人口的比例较大,控制吸烟不是一件容易的事情。二、参考范文It goes without saying that tobacco consumption and tobacco instry have always been a hot-debated issue in our society. With the increasing scope of the tobacco instry, more and more people become addicted to smoking. The tremendous tobacco consumption not only causes vast economic losses but also threatens people’s health. The annual economic loss e to tobacco consumption amounts to 200 billion US dollars, and meanwhile 3 million people worldwide lose their lives because of smoking-related diseases.To our great relief, there is a tendency of declining in tobacco consumption—the year between 1994 and 1995, as indicated by chart 1, witnessed a drop in total tobacco proction in the world, declining from 14.364 million pounds in 1994 to 14.2 million pounds in 1995. The reason that more and more people begin to quit smoking is mainly people’s increasing awareness of the harmful effects of tobacco. If this trend can be maintained, the number of people dying of smoking-related diseases can be significantly reced. Therefore, great efforts should be made by people in all walks of the society to stop smoking.Needless to say, no easy solution can be found to solve the smoking problem. To begin with, the percentage of smokers is too large: according to a survey, there are 1.2 billion tobacco consumers in the world, accounting for approximately 20 percent of the world population. It wouldn’t be an easy task to persuade such a large amount of people to give up their smoking habits, especially the heavy smokers. In addition, tobacco instry still plays a very important role in the development of the economy. As a consequence, only with concerted efforts of all people, can this problem be properly dealt with.三、范文点评文章结构:从结构上看,该范文对提纲做出适当调整,分为三段而不是两段。第一段采用了先总后分的写作方法,段首先对图画做出总体评价,进而指出烟草业和吸烟对人类社会的危害。第二段段首和上段形成对比,段首指出这种现象有所改变:烟草消费数量有所下降,进而结合图表,指出这种下降的原因何在。第三段采用总—分—总的写作方法,段首为主题句,指出吸烟问题解决起来并没有那么容易,段落中使用To begin with和In addition从两个方面进行论证,段尾对本段进行了总结。语言亮点:1. hot-debated issue:“讨论的热点”,还可以说widely-discussed issue。2. become addicted to:或be addicted to上瘾。例如:More and more young people become addicted to on-line chatting.(越来越多的年轻人着迷于网上聊天)。3. annual:每年的,近义词为yearly。Every year为副词,相当于annually。4. e to:“因为”,如:Most accidents are e to driving at high speed.(大部分事故是由于高速驾驶造成的)。类似的表达有:because of, on account of, as result of, in consequence of, caused by等。5. amount to:“达到(某数量),到…之多”。这是一个图表题中经常使用的结构,例如:Expenses on food amount to 30% of every Chinese family’s income.(用于食物的开支占每个中国家庭收入的30%)。类似的表达有:add up to, come to, total, sum up等。6. meanwhile:与此同时。词性为副词,相当于at the same time。7. smoking-related diseases:与吸烟有关的疾病。8. (much)to one’s great relief:使某人大为放心,使某人深感宽慰。9. witness:“时间+experience /see /witness +变化+在哪方面”可用来表达某段时间发生的变化。10. The reason that... is... :用reason接从句表原因有两种方式:一种是范文中的用法the reason (that)(定语从句)... is(that)...,另一种是the reason why(接同位语从句)... is that...,如:The reason why we cook food much faster today is that the changes in food preparation methods(今天我们烹饪食物的速度提高了很多的原因是在准备食物的方法上有了变化)。11. maintain:保持。例如:If the present rate of economic increase can be maintained, the majority of Chinese will live a well-off life in the middle of the 21st century.(如果中国经济增长能保持目前的速度,21世纪中叶,大部分中国人就能过上小康生活)。12. in all walks of the society:“社会的各个方面”,又如:men in all walks of life(各行各业的人)。13. To begin with:首先,相当于first of all或first(ly)。14. account for:(在数量、比例方面)占。例如:Farmers account for about 80% of the total population of China.(农民占中国总人口的约80%。)15. In addition:而且,再者。相当于What’s more。16. concerted:“商定的,共同计划或完成的”,如:We made a concerted effort to solve the problem.(我们一起努力解决了这个问题)四、写作误区篇章结构误区:生硬的图表罗列是本题写作的第一个误区。任何形式的图表作文,考试的目的都不是单纯的描写,而是要抓住图表之间的内在联系。如果只是罗列现象、描写图表,就会犯言之无物的错误,难以展开有力有效的分析。本题写作的第二个误区是跑题,因为很多考生一看到题目,就理所当然地认为这是非常熟悉的“吸烟有害健康”主题的文章,便开始大谈吸烟的危害、主动吸烟、被动吸烟,及至如何降低吸烟对社会及个人造成的危害,等等。考生犯这样的错误说明没有审清楚题,题目的要求有两点:解释图片;预测烟草消费的趋势并给出原因。换句话说,这样的考生没有意识到或者根本没有看清楚第二个要求。语言表达错误:①用词不当:The other reason is that smoking is forbidden in the popular areas in more and more countries.(The other reason is that smoking is forbidden in public areas in more and more countries.)Thus I think the tendency of world tobacco consumption is descend.(Thus I think the tendency of world tobacco consumption is to decrease.)②动词误用:Even the strongest method can’t decline the number of smokers.(Even the toughest method can’t make the number of smokers decline.)③连词误用:Because of the tendency of tobacco consumption, I think the number of cigarette smokers is rising in some developing countries.(As far as the tendency of tobacco consumption is concerned, I think the number of cigarette smokers is rising in some developing countries.)④冠词错误:For above-mentioned reasons, I believe the consumption of tobacco will decrease and all problems it causes will be solved.(For all the above-mentioned reasons, I believe the consumption of tobacco will decrease and all the problems it causes will be solved.)⑤主谓搭配错误:More and more people believe smoking do harm to health, waste money.(More and more people believe smoking does harm to health, and is a waste of money.)⑥中式英语:From the pictures, we first know that there are a lot of smoking people in the world.(From the pictures, we first know that there are a lot of smokers in the world.)⑦句意笼统:You can see the number from the chart, which make you think deeply of the harm of smoking. (It can be seen from the chart that there are 200 billion dollars’ loss and 3 million deaths resulting from smoking.)

才情

1997年考研英语阅读第二篇—本文介绍美国人友善好客这一文化现象

原文:A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise ll existence. Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world.The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality. Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation.Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. “I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner -- amazing.” Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly. The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to “translate” cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word “friend,” the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and indivial interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.试题:51. In the eyes of visitors from the outside world,.[A] rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US[B] small-minded officials deserve a serious comment[C] Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors[D] most Americans are ready to offer help52. It could be inferred from the last paragraph that. [A] culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship[B] courteous convention and indivial interest are interrelated[C] various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends[D] social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions53. Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers.[A] to improve their hard life[B] in view of their long-distance travel[C] to add some flavor to their own daily life[D] out of a charitable impulse54. The tradition of hospitality to strangers.[A] tends to be superficial and artificial[B] is generally well kept up in the United States[C] is always understood properly[D] has something to do with the busy tourist trails全文翻译去过美国的人回来总是说大多数美国人对他们是多么友善、好客、乐于助人。公正地说,人们对加拿人也经常作出有这样的评论,因而,这应当被认为是北美的普遍现象。当然也有例外。在美国,心胸狭隘的官员,举止粗鲁的招待和毫无礼貌的出租车司机也并非罕见。尽管有不如人意的地方,但因为热情好客是人们常常作出的评论,所以值得讨论一番。过去很长一段时间,在美国很多地方,旅行者的到来总是颇受观迎,因为他们打破了当地居民沉闷单调的生活。无聊、孤独是一般相互之间距离很远的家庭普遍存在的问题。陌生人和旅行者不仅转折了人们的注意力,他们还带来了外面世界的消息。拓荒地区的严酷生活现实也促成了这一好客的传统的形成。单独旅行时,如果挨饿、受伤或生病,通常只能向最近的小屋或村落求助。对旅行者来说,这不是一个选择的问题;而对当地居民来说也,这也并非是行善的一时冲动。它反映了日常生活的严酷现实:如果你不收留陌生人,那他便无处求助了。请记住,有一天你也可能处于相同的境遇。如今,有了很多的慈善组织专门帮助疲惫的旅行者。不过,热情接待陌生人的传统在美国仍然很盛行,尤其是在远离旅游热线的小城镇。“我只是路过,和这个美国人聊了聊。很快,他就请我到他家吃饭——这真令人惊奇。”去过美国的旅客的这种谈论很普遍,但并非都能被正确理解。很多美国人不经意表现的友好不应被看作是表面或虚假的应酬,而应该看成是文化传统的历史发展结果。同任何发达国家一样,一系列复杂的文化符号、设想和习俗构成了美国所有社会关系的基础。当然,会讲一种语言并不意味着就理解其社会和其文化模式。不能正确“诠释”文化含义的旅行者往往得出错误的结论。例如,美国人所说的“朋友”一词,其文化含义可能与旅行者语言和文化中的“朋友”大相径庭。要想正确区分礼貌是出于文化习俗还是个人兴趣,单凭一次公共汽车上的邂逅是远远不够的。不过,友好是很多美国人推崇的美德,也是希望从邻居和陌生人那得到的。答案: D A C B你做对了吗?

卡到阴

1997年考研英语翻译题型答案—本文探讨了动物是否有权利的问题

Do animals have rights?动物有权利吗?This is how the question is usually put.人们通常这样提问。It sounds like a useful, ground-clearing way to start.这像是一个实用且具创新的提问方式。71) Actually, it isn’t, because it assumes that there is an agreedaccount of human rights, which is something the world does not have.事实并非如此,因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有一种共识为基础的,而这种共识并不存在。On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have none.诚然,根据对权利的一种看法,必然认为动物没有权利。72) Somephilosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange ofties and entitlements.有些哲学家论证说,权利只存在于社会契约中,是责任与权益交换的一部分。Therefore, animals cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd, for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights.因此动物不可能有权利。惩罚吃人的老虎的想法是荒谬的。同样,认为老虎有权利也是荒谬的。However, this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one.然而,这只是一种认识,而且是一种有争议的认识。It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people -- for instance, to infants, the mentally incapable and future generations.这种认识不仅剥夺了动物的权利,而且也剥夺了某些人的权利,例如婴儿,这些还不会用大脑来思考问题的下一代。In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says “I don’t like this contract”?此外,谁也不清楚,对于从来就不同意契约的人来说,这项契约又具有多大约束力,如果有人说“我不喜欢这项契约”,那你又如何回答呢?The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.问题的症结在于,如果对人的权利没有一致的看法,争论动物的权利是徒劳无益的。73) It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites youto think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to otherhumans, or with no consideration at all.这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端,它使人们认为应该这样对待动物:要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅动物,要么完全冷漠无情。This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental, question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?这是一种不真实的选择。这是一种错误的选择。最好以另一种更为根本性的提问开始:我们对待动物的方法是一个道德问题吗?Many deny it.许多人否认这种提法。74) Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in everyrelevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.这类人持极端看法,认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同,对待动物无须考虑道德问题。Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake -- a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.任何关心动物疾苦的想法都是错误的,因为它把应该用来关心其他人的同情心错误地用到动物身上。This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical.”这种观点认为,折磨猴子从道义上讲无异于劈柴,这种看法似乎是大胆的“逻辑推理”。In fact it is simply shallow: the confused center is right to reject it.实际上,这种看法非常肤浅,因为其中心混乱到应该被摒弃的程度。The most elementary form of moral reasoning -- the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl-- is to weigh others’ interests against one’s own.道德推理的最初级形式,和学习爬行的理论一样,是把自身利益和他人利益加以权衡考虑。This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought.那么,这就需要同情心和想象力。没有这两点,就无法用道德观念来进行思考。To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy.看到动物受苦足以使大多数人产生同情感。75) When that happens, it is not a mistake: it ismankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged ratherthan laughed at.这种反应并不是错误,这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用。这种本能应该得到鼓励,而不应该遭到嘲笑。

地下情

考研英语真题长难句每天一句 (97-74)

#陪你一起长大#Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.劈树:本句中含有三个谓语成份: “are”,“think”,“lie”,所以可以切分为三个独立的分句。第一分句为that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect第二分句为:Arguing from the view …, extremists of this kind think第三分句为:that animals lie outside the area of moral choice造竹:第一分句是“the view”的同位语从句,第二句是本句主干,第三句是“think ”的宾语从句。第一分句中“relevant” 的含义为“相关的”,“in every respect”的含义是“在各个方面”;第二句中“Arguing from the view …”是本句的分词伴随状语成份,翻译时往往需添加行为主语,”, 而本句主语“extremists”的含义是“极端主义者”,本句其含义为“极端主义者们从…的观点出发,他们认为…”;第三分句中“lie”的含义为“置于”,“moral choice”的含义为“道德选择”,“the area of moral choice”可以翻译为“道德选择的领域”,所以“animals lie outside the area of moral choice”直译为“动物置于道德选择的领域之外”,意译为“从道德层面无需考虑动物”。第一分句翻译为:人类在每一个相关的方面都不同于动物第二分句翻译为:极端主义者们从…的观点出发,他们认为…第三分句翻译为:动物置于道德选择的领域之外,或:从道德层面无需考虑动物全句翻译为:极端主义者的观点认为:人类在每一个相关的方面都不同于动物,由此观点出发,他们认为动物置于道德选择的领域之外。或:极端主义者的观点认为:人类在每一个相关的方面都不同于动物,由此观点出发,他们认为从道德层面无需考虑动物。 句式结构考点:分词伴随状语,同位语从句,宾语从句难度级别:4星

所谓

考研英语只做真题靠谱吗?80+学姐的复习经验!

20届考研复习已经进入了冲刺阶段,而到现在为止很多同学对于做英语真题这个问题依旧存在很大的问题,今天酋长就带大家来讨论一下这个问题!一、考研英语阅读真题部分和政治不同,考研英真题具有极大的复习价值,这点许多考上研究生的大神和众多考生也深有体会,在此酋长就不再赘述。而考研阅读由于在考研英语中占有最大分值,故在考研英语里有“得考研阅读者得天下“的说法。关于考研英语阅读如何复习,是仁者见仁智者见智的事情,下边我所叙述的仅仅只是一家之言,大家觉得有用的就用,没有用的就果断摒弃之。鉴于考研英语真题的重要性,选择一本好的英语真题解析书籍,酋长这里不做推荐,大家可以在评论区讨论你使用的复习参考书。二、如何做考研阅读选择好了解析书籍以后,接下来最重要的就是如何做的问题了。1.何时开始做阅读真题?套用一位考研前辈的话:不管什么时候有人问我什么时候开始做真题好, 我的答案都是,现在开始做,马上开始做。2.做真题前要不要拿模拟题练手,熟悉套路后再上手真题?酋长个人的建议是绝对不要!你可以用模拟题来练练手,背背单词,分析分析长难句,但是千万不要以模拟题代替真题,搞题海战术。更不要利用从模拟题中得来的解题技巧来破解真题。这样就本末倒置了。大多数高分牛人的做法是时刻以真题为本,为纲。模拟题真的没必要去做。 3.做真题很珍贵,做完了后来就没有题做了怎么办?答案是反复做,做反复。真题这么权威宝贵的资料只做一遍的话就太可惜了,多做几遍,努力体味真题,从中找寻规律。真题只做一边是肯定不行的。4.记忆力很好,做完一遍之后记得答案,以后都是白做的了怎么办?这个问题确实不好解决。但是由于记忆周期的限制和做真题的速度,刚开始通常一个到两个月才能做完一遍,这个时候大多数人都忘记答案了。还有一种方法就是做完之后,可以请别人代批,只告诉你错误个数而不说具体题目,以减少记忆的持久力。还有时刻提醒自己,记住答案并非万事大吉,分析每道题目每个选项的命制依据,正确错误原因,找寻规律,才是王道。 5.可能许多人和我一样,第一遍做对的题目在做第二遍以上的时候却做错了,这是为什么呢?出现这种情况恰好说明了我们对这道题目并未完全掌握。可能第一遍的时候我们用排除法排除了两项,脑子灵光一现或者小宇宙爆发,蒙对了。出现这种情况时,不用自责。把这些潜在的不足的找出来在上考场之前努力消灭掉,不是也不错么? 6.从那一年开始做真题?我希望大家做真题从97年做到18年,但是不是一口气做完,而要分几个部分段去做。第一部分即02年改革之前的真题,从97-01年。这部分真题相对较基础,但是和最新真题的命制思路基本一致,可以用来练手和熟悉题目。做这部分题时不必讲究速度,做完一篇之后,将该篇真题里不认识的单词和长难句题抄录下来,进行识记和尝试分析结构,分析篇章结构和题目,题型,选项,初步总结做题技巧。建议每天两篇,两个小时为宜。按上边方法做,这20几篇真题做完分析完也就不到半个月的时间。做完一遍之后,开始做第二部分02-09年的真题,计32篇真题。依然是每天两篇,按照上述方法做和整理。这部分真题比较新,与近几年的命制难度相仿,并且是02年改革之后的真题,因此建议掐表做题。做完一遍97-09年的真题,差不多就是一个月的时间。第三部分就是10-18年的真题,这部分真题建议留作测试之用,按照考研英语考试时间进行模考,测一下水平并即时查缺补漏。7.真题应该做几遍以及每遍应该达到的什么目标?个人觉得真题至少应该做三遍,上不设限。第一遍应该以打基础为主。识记单词,复习长难句。建议从复习之日起至9月中旬以前,最好能把18年之前的真题过上三遍。第二遍的核心应该放在题目上,研究题目和选项设置技巧,总结答题思路。第三遍及以后的N遍的核心应该放在命题思路的研究。这里的思路包括原文作者的思路和命题人的思路。原文作者的思路即理解作者的行文逻辑及观点;命题人的思路即为何命制有关题目、考察什么、怎么破解命题陷阱等。第二三遍可以通过自身领悟和配合着辅导班课程总结。

能勿失乎

超详细的保姆级考研英语全程备考攻略!(第一弹)

(接下来三天,小白会给大家分享学长学姐三篇不同的考研英语经验贴,全都干货满满!快来看看今天的第一弹叭~)先来介绍一下我个人的情况,20考研,法本,上海英语一80分。由于我大学之后是学渣的特别彻底的那种类型,特别爱玩,大学之后考研之前完全没学过一点习,所以我所有的英语基础全部都是来源于高中,高考英语123,四级是大学第一个学期考的,凭借高中的底子考了445,可以说是低分飘过了,后来直到现在我六级也还没过…有很多姐妹问我,六级没考过能不能考好考研英语,我的回答是肯定的,毕竟我英语真的很差,差到什么程度呢..就是我写英语作文只会小学生词汇的那种程度,以及每次考六级听力就是啥也听不懂闭眼选的,而且就我个人而言真的挺讨厌英语的,要不是太讨厌英语觉得自己考不过雅思,可能就出国读研了。所以这里先给姐妹们吃一颗定心丸,考研英语是有技巧的,不管你基础有多差,只要你按我说的好好坚持,真的是可以考好的。1单词从准备开始考研一直到考研的前一天,背单词都是一件必不可少的事。单词书市面上有很多,这个自行选择就可以了。其实选择哪本书不是很重要,你有没有用心背并且坚持下去才是最重要的。背单词不是说今天背完了指定的内容就完了,一定要及时复习,复习背过的单词比背新的单词重要得多。这里推荐我最爱的APP:墨墨背单词!这个APP真的是我的心头爱,一般人都不告诉的那种哈哈,为了表达我对它的爱意,上面的单词上限我都是直接花钱买的,据说淘宝买会便宜一些,感兴趣的姐妹可以试试。这个app最大的好处有两个:1.你可以自己录入你想要背的单词,并且可以修改单词的释义,我们知道考研英语最常考的就是熟词僻义,这个时候你就把它的中文意思改成你不太熟悉的那个,常常见到就会记得了~2.这个APP的理念和我认为背单词最关键的理念是相同的,它在尽力让你记住之前背的单词,每天背新的单词之前你需要先复习之前背过的,并且这些需要复习的单词是根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线出现的,那些你老是忘记的硬骨头,就会每天频繁地出现,这样时间长了就会记得牢了~所以前期(3-5月)背单词的时候,你就可以先背一遍单词书上的单词,当你觉得对这个单词比较陌生不能脱口而出它的意思的时候,就把它录入墨墨每天循环背。录入的时候需要注意,最好每一个单词你都修改一下它的翻译,因为一个单词可能有很多意思,你就记最重点的一个或几个就好,有时候记太多意思只是在浪费时间(除了重点单词如account等)。后期背单词的方法会发生一些变化,因为我们前期已经认认真真背了三个月的单词,拥有一定词汇量的积累了,所以我主张六月开始做真题(从97年开始做,一天做两篇就可以)。一开始刚接触到真题的时候会觉得有些难,单词忘记意思,句子读不懂,这些都是正常的,所以我们先做年代较久远的真题练手。每次做完真题后,要把真题阅读中每一个不认识的单词(请注意是每一个!除了专业词汇)都录入墨墨每天循环背。也就是说从六月开始,我们就不需要前期那本单词书了,因为里面你不会的单词已经被录入墨墨了,你只需要按时复习就好,这个时期到考研结束,你背单词的来源就是真题了。在我们掌握单词越来越多的时候,有时候会搞混一些单词,可以自己做一个整理,有时候甚至可以就一个自己不太擅长的单词专题做一个整理。2阅读阅读是考研英语的重中之重,想要考好就靠阅读了,背单词也是在给阅读打基础。我阅读其实考的不是很满意,一共错了四个,今年我感觉英语一阅读的难度真的不小,尤其是我经常偷懒不背单词,导致我在考场上看到阅读里的很多单词都不认识,其中有一篇我没怎么看懂几乎是凭着题感在做题,这真的是很大的教训。阅读资料的话可以买张剑的黄皮书,真的特别良心。其实这二十多年的真题我都是细细地抠过的。我的经验是每一篇文章对于背景内容和文章到底结构如何,每一段讲了些什么,这些问题不需要深究,我前期感觉浪费在这上面的时间还挺多的,但是都没什么实质性的作用。但是,文章里的每一个单词都要能做到脱口而出它的意思,每一个句子都必须一眼扫过去可以看懂而不是分析半天,每一个选项必须知道为什么选为什么不选。这段话特别特别重要,别看就短短的几行字,但是真正能做到的人真的不多,只要你能做到我觉得75+真的没什么问题。【一刷】刚才说过我们可以从六月开始做真题,从97年的真题开始,每天两篇,二十二年(19和20年的先不做,留着最后当模拟题做)的真题需要做47天左右。从六月开始做的话大概七月中旬可以结束,由于第一次做真题速度很可能很慢,所以可以拖到七月底刷完。97-04的真题只需要做一遍就好了,参考价值不大,主要用来寻找题感和前期上手。第一次刷题需要注意的重点是单词,一定要保证每天题刷到哪,墨墨单词就要跟到哪,背单词和刷题要兼顾,至于对错不用太在意。我一刷11年的真题时第一遍错了10个…一定不要慌,心态稳住,我们英语本来基础就不好没必要跟大神对比。错了就搞懂为什么错,答案来源句究竟是哪里,做对的题也要明确的知道为什么不选其他的。然后再把全文对照黄皮书口头翻译一遍,挑出不认识的单词(包括题目中的)录入墨墨重点背诵。【二刷】八月必须开始二刷,从05年开始的真题是重头戏,我个人来讲05-19年的真题是完完整整一共做了四遍的,个别题难的年份(如10和13年)都做过五遍或者六遍。第二遍刷真题就从05年开始刷,还是每天做两篇,从淘宝上买那种20几块钱的真题卷刷就可以,参考书仍然用黄皮书。14年的真题正好28天大概一个月(8月份)可以重刷一次。这一次刷需要注意的重点是翻译,刷题中如果发现文章中的单词又不认识了,把它圈出来。这其实是你第一遍已经录入过墨墨的单词了,虽然每天都在复习都在背可是又忘了,所以我的办法是在纸上抄了一遍,只抄英语不写汉语翻译,这样不会浪费时间还能帮助记忆,等到全篇口头翻译完一遍,把做错的题目搞懂后,再看着英语想一想它的汉语意思。既然二刷的重点是翻译,有人肯定会问需不需要逐句手写翻译,我觉得没这个必要,考研最忌讳努力装样子,我个人觉得口头翻译和写下来真的没什么区别,唯一的区别就是写的更浪费时间。这一遍碰到仍然读不太懂的句子用彩色的笔在试卷上标出来,口头翻译过一遍后再把彩笔的句子进行第二次翻译看看还会不会卡壳。【三刷】按照进度九月开始正式三刷,三刷仍然是每天两篇,28天大概一个月完成,三刷的重点是题目。这个时候我们已经有一定的题感了,也知道每个选项的对错原因了,三刷的意义就是在于找出这些题目错的原因有什么相同之处。比如偷换,比如夸张,比如无中生有等等,这些要有意识地总结起来了。在你看到这个选项的时候,你脑子里要知道它是错在哪了?偷换了哪个地方?文章本来是怎么说的?它又是怎么换掉的?做题的时候要有意识地去标注这些内容。对于正确的选项,我们更要好好分析,因为出题人都是从正确的选项出发来命题的,你会发现正确选项与文章中的答案来源句相似但又不完全相同,这时候就要开始总结AB句培养深层次的题感了。A句是文章原本的句子,B句是正确选项的句子,把他们抄到一起,认真观察它是怎么被换了个说法但是仍然正确的。虽然三刷的重点是题目,但是口头通篇翻译文章是每一遍刷题必不可少的,以及这一遍如果发现还有不认识的单词(就属于特别硬的骨头了)再去对照二刷抄下来的那些单词说一遍中文意思。这一遍刷题不能允许自己一年四篇阅读错误超过2个,如果超过就说明前面那两遍没有用心做,自己再多下下功夫。【四刷】按照进度,十月开始进入四刷,第四遍做题的状态应该是属于很轻松的了,正好十月也进入了背专业课的压力期,所以这样的安排不会让英语给你的专业课带来很大的压力。这一遍做题的重点是查漏补缺,看看这篇文章哪个单词我还没背好,哪个句子我还是不会翻译,哪个选项我还不懂。刷完题搞懂选项、通篇翻译完,再去看看自己二刷积累的硬骨头单词和三刷积累的AB句,这一遍来说每天花费的时间不会超过1.5个小时。【五刷】十一月开始进入五刷,这一遍只刷你做的很不好的年份,每一遍刷题过后我会在第一次刷题的那套卷子上写上错误的个数,这样回头看一下就知道哪年自己做的不太好了。但是十一月要正式开始准备作文了,所以这个五刷是穿插进行的,当你背作文背到烦的时候,在中间插一天或者两天做阅读。关于阅读的一些疑问:1. 需不需要听网课?就阅读而言,我个人而言是不太推荐听网课的,只是在你实在搞不懂这道题的时候你可以去听一下新东方唐迟的阅读课,他的阅读课是按照年份一道题一道题的来讲的,很细致,所以你可以很直接地找到你不懂的那道题。如果是全听的话其实我不是很推荐,原因是就我个人而言吧,听课的时候的我和做题的我那都不是一个我,课听得好像挺懂的一做题就现原形,我是听过很多阅读课的,某K的什么三步法还有阅读课很多我都听过,听完我就只有一个感觉,就是老师们都太看重做阅读的独特技巧了,他们都有一套自己的公式或者方法。比如某K什么:NOT+什么什么=非NOT,我个人觉得吧先不说那么多公式技巧需要你背下来,他们本身的这些公式就是针对真题来设置的,所以你做真题会觉得哎呀都用上了真有用…这不是废话嘛,他就是看着这道题出的公式。但是考场上能否有这样的题呢,能有几道呢,能不能真的用上呢,这些都是不确定的。其实你真的上了考场,心慌意乱不认识单词读不懂句子的情况下,很多技巧未必用得上,这个时候就是考察基本功的时候,所以我觉得基本的还是不能偷懒,听课只能在保证你四刷的基础上锦上添花。还有单词,我特别特别不推荐听网课,尤其是ZW,我三月份听他废话连篇整整一个月,感觉什么用也没有,背单词就用app完全够用。长难句、完型和七选五可以适当地听一下,之后会说。2. 做阅读的时间?我是属于做题巨慢的那种人,在我一刷的时候由于基础不好,甚至有时候50分钟做一篇阅读还能错3个…这个我觉得没必要强迫自己,多刷几遍速度自然会提上来,不过考研的时候我做题的速度也只能算刚刚好,因为我有不确定的题目但是没时间再回头琢磨了。3. 为什么阅读要做这么多遍,不会记住答案吗?答案是肯定会记住的,但是每一遍重刷的重点都不同,我刚才也讲过了,况且知道为什么选为什么不选,分析选项,读懂每一个句子,认识每一个单词才是重刷的真正意义,答案永远是最最次要的。3长难句长难句我其实没有专门的进行复习,是在做阅读的时候对照着翻译一步一步提高上来的,如果你觉得分析句子实在是困难的话,那你可以去听一下讲长难句的网课。4完型、新题型完型我没听过课,只是十一月开始准备作文和五刷的时候顺带着做一做,我完型甚至没有把所有的真题都做全,近几年完型越来越简单了,今年我只错了3个,所以不用太担心完型,在提高阅读的同时完型自然而然就提高了。早些年完型很难,如果刷的时候分数不高不用难受,我甚至有过错12个的时候。新题型我完整地听了刘晓燕的课,讲的挺好的,尤其是七选五,我最怕的就是七选五,她是有一套自己的技巧的那种,可以应付应付考试,并且她的技巧很简单,没有额外的记忆负担,所以其实还挺推荐的。5作文前面说过了,我写英语作文的能力跟小学生没什么区别,我个人是特别害怕作文的。而且我是二战的,一战上海英语一75,但是其实我一战的时候客观题只扣了5分,二战却扣了10分,所以可以说这一年我作文提高了10分。考研英语作文是有技巧的,就看你愿不愿意用心准备了,只要总结出自己的模板,像我这样啥也不会的也能写好作文。在我一战的时候我是背的王江涛大小作文20篇,但是我发现必须把这20篇背到滚瓜烂熟才可以写好作文,其实大作文一篇很长,我背第一遍就需要一个小时,更不说后期的复习。十一月的时候专业课压力很大,根本没有那么多时间背作文,所以在我一战的时候作文写的真的是一塌糊涂,背过的啥也想不起来,我感觉小学生都写得比我好,考完我觉得我大小作文加在一起能得10分就不错了,最后作文也真的是分数很低。所以我二战就换了方法,在这里推荐一个良心公众号:小白考研,我是在这个公众号上买的小白考研作文模板,它把作文分成了三段:首段、中间段和尾端,每一段又分解成几句话,每一句话你需要描述什么都已经给你写好模板句了,所以你相当于只需要背一篇作文加几个素材就可以了。根据这个模板,我又总结了自己的模板。关于作文能写一个专题,需要插很多我自己总结的图,所以我在这先不展开写了,因为这是考验后期需要准备的工作,如果看的人多的话我再专门写一个。