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2020考研英语一真题及答案「完整版」!其生可乐

2020考研英语一真题及答案「完整版」!

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】!【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案(1-20)1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案(21-25)21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案(26-30)26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案(31-35)31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案(36-40)36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案(41-45)41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案(46-50)46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色,中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合,从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前,当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式,仍旧沿用以前的思维模式,其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者,但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多,并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时,文艺复兴时代已经结束,并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为:“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文:通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文:习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案,2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题,准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单,希望对大家有用:【英语书单】单词:闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词,划重点,后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词,省时间。真题:《考研真相》(英语二:考研圣经):一词一句讲解真题,重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解,不怕你看不懂,还有排除干扰项的方法,帮助提高答对率,适合基础弱的人。作文:英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》:通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文,再用三步作文法帮你拔高,专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》:从94年到现在的真题都包括了,讲解很好,帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题:用这本书练习做题,都是经典题型!同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本:《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书(政治大纲解析);风中劲草(三本书)、肖秀荣系列:精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷;蒋中挺冲刺5套卷;启航20天20题

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2019年考研管综真题完整版来了,今年初数难度有所增加

相较于大家比较关心的政治英语等题目,小编早早发出来了之外,接下来的试题小编也会慢慢整理到给大家,让2020的考生有所准备,能够利用好历年的题目!今天是冬至,虽然都广东这种满27度起送的天气算得上是夏至了,但是还是别忘了吃汤圆(北方是吃饺子对吧(*^▽^*))管综的朋友可以继续玩了,但是对于有其他专业的考研同学来说,还是务必要记住,考完一科丢一科,千万不要相信任何机构草草做出来的所谓的参考答案而影响自己的考试发挥,包括小编的!管综初数部分下面小编把题目公布出来,今年的试题相对去年来说灵活度和难度有所增加,计算量也较去年偏大一些。重点考查了学生们的逻辑能力和知识的运用能力。初数特殊符号不好阅读,所以小编放截图了!三、逻辑推理:第26~30小题,每小题2分。下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中,只有一项是符合试题要求的。请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。26.新常态下,消费需求发生深刻变化,消费拉开档次,个性化、多样化消费渐成主流。在相当一部分消费者那里,对产品质量的追求,压倒了对价格的考虑。供给侧结构性改革,说到底是满足需求。低质量的产能必然会过剩,而顺应市场需求不断更新换代的产能不会过剩。根据以上信息,可以推出以下哪项?A.顺应市场需求不断更新换代的产能不是低质量的产能。B.低质量的产能不能满足个性化需求。C.新常态下必须进行供给侧结构性改革。D.只有不断更新换代的产品才能满足个性化、多样化消费的需求。E.只有优质高价的产品才能满足需求。【参考答案】A27.据碳十四检测,卡皮瓦拉山岩画的创作时间最早追溯到3万年前,在文字尚未出现的时代,岩画是人类沟通交流传递信息,记录日常生活的主要方式,于是今天的我们可以在这些岩画中看到:一位母亲将孩子举起嬉戏,一家人在仰望并试图碰触头上的星空……动物是岩画的另一个主角,比如巨型犰狳、马鹿、螃蟹等。在许多画面中,人们手持长矛,追逐着前方的猎物,由此可以推断,此时的人类已经居于食物链的顶端。以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述推断?A.能够使用工具使人类可以猎杀其他动物,而不是相反。B.对星空的敬畏是人类脱离动物,产生宗教的动因之一。C.岩画中出现的动物一般是当时人类捕猎的对象。D.3万年前人类需要避免自己被虎豹等大型食肉动物猎杀。E.有了岩画,人类可以将生活经验保留下来,供后代学习,这被极大地提高了人类的生存能力。【参考答案】A28.李诗、王悦、杜舒、刘默是唐诗宋词的爱好者,在唐朝诗人李白、杜甫、王维、刘禹锡中4人各喜欢其中一位,且每人喜爱的唐诗作者不与自己同姓,关于他们4人,已知:(1)如果爱好王维的诗,那么也爱好辛弃疾的词;(2)如果爱好刘禹锡的诗,那么也爱好岳飞的词;(3)如果爱好杜甫的诗,那么也爱好苏轼的词。如果李诗不爱好苏轼和辛弃疾的词,则可以得出以下哪项?A.王悦爱好苏轼的词。B.刘默爱好苏轼的词。C.杜舒爱好岳飞的词。D.杜舒爱好辛弃疾的词。E.李诗爱好岳飞的词。【参考答案】E29.人们一直在争论猫与狗谁更聪明。最近,有些科学家不仅研究了动物脑容量的大小,还研究其大脑皮层神经细胞的数量,发现猫平常似乎总摆出一副智力占优的神态,但猫的大脑皮层神经细胞的数量只有普通金毛犬的一半。由此,他们得出结论:狗比猫更聪明。以下哪项最可能是上述科学家得出结论的假设?A.狗可能继承了狼结群捕猎的特点,为了互相配合,它们需要做出一些复杂行为。B.狗善于与人类合作,可以充当导盲犬、陪护犬、搜救犬、警犬等,就对人类的贡献而言,狗能做的似乎比猫多。C.动物大脑皮层神经细胞的数量与动物的聪明程度呈正相关。D.棕熊的脑容量是金毛犬的3倍,但其脑神经细胞的数量却少于金毛犬,与猫很接近,而棕熊的脑容量却是猫的10倍。E.猫的脑神经细胞数量比狗少,是因为猫不像狗那样“爱交际”。【参考答案】C30~31题基于以下题干某单位拟派遣3名德才兼备的干部到西部地区进行精准扶贫。报名者踊跃,经过考察,最终确定了陈甲、傅乙、赵丙、邓丁、刘戊、张己6名候选人。根据工作需要,派遣还需满足以下条件:(1)若派遣陈甲,则派遣邓丁但不派遣张己;(2)若傅乙、赵丙至少派遣1人,则不派遣刘戊。30.以下哪项的派遣人选和上述条件不矛盾?A.赵丙、邓丁、刘戊。B.陈甲、傅乙、赵丙。C.傅乙、邓丁、刘戊。D.邓丁、刘戊、张己。E.陈甲、赵丙、刘戊。【参考答案】D31.如果陈甲、刘戊至少派遣1人,则可以得出以下哪项?A.派遣刘戊。B.派遣邓丁。C.派遣赵丙。D.派遣傅乙。E.派遣陈甲。【参考答案】B32.近年来,手机电脑的使用,导致工作与生活界限日益模糊,人们的平均睡眠时间一直在减少,熬夜已成为现代人生活的常态。科学研究表明,熬夜有损身体健康,睡眠不足不仅仅是多打几个哈欠那么简单。有科学家据此建议,人们应该遵守作息规律。以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述科学家所作的建议?A.缺乏睡眠会降低体内脂肪,调节瘦素激素的水平,同时增加饥饿激素,容易导致暴饮暴食,体重增加。B.熬夜会让人的反应变慢,认知退步,思维能力下降,还会引发情绪失控,影响与他人的交流。C.所有的生命形式,都需要休息与睡眠。在人类进化过程中,睡眠这个让人短暂失去自我意识,变得极其脆弱的过程并未被大自然淘汰。D.睡眠是身体的自然美容师,与那些睡眠充足的人相比,睡眠不足的人看上去面容憔悴,缺乏魅力。E.长期睡眠不足会导致高血压、糖尿病、肥胖症、抑郁症等多种疾病,严重时更会造成意外伤害或死亡。【参考答案】E33.有一论证(相关语句用序号表示)如下:①今天,我们仍然要提倡勤俭节约。②节约可以增加社会保障资源。③我国尚有不少地区的人民生活贫困,亟需更多社会保障资源,但也有一些人浪费严重。④节约可以减少资源消耗。⑤因为被浪费的任何粮食或者物品都是消耗一定的资源得来的。如果用“甲→乙”表示甲支持(或证明)乙,则以下哪项对上述论证基本结构的表示最为准确?【参考答案】D34.研究人员用脑电图技术研究了母亲给婴儿唱童谣时两人的大脑活动发现:当母亲与婴儿对视时,双方脑电波趋于同步,此时婴儿也会发出更多的声音尝试与母亲交流。他们据此认为母亲与婴儿对视有助于婴儿的学习与交流。以下哪项如果为真,最能支持上述研究人员的观点?A.在两个成年人交流时,如果把他们的脑电波同步,交流就会更顺畅。B.当父母与孩子互动时,双方的情绪与心率可能也会同步。C.当部分学生对某学科感兴趣时,他们的脑电波会趋于同步,学习效果也会随之提升。D.当母亲与婴儿对视时,他们都在发出信号表明自己可以且愿意与对方交流。E.脑电波同步可优化双方对话状态,使交流更加默契,增进彼此了解。【参考答案】E35.本保险柜密码都是由4个阿拉伯数字和4个英文字母组成。已知:(1)若4个英文字母不连续排列,则密码组合中的数字之和大于15。(2)若4个英文字母连续排列,则密码组合中的数字之和等于15。(3)密码组合中的数字之和或者等于18,或者小于15。根据上述信息以下哪项是可能的密码组合?A.1adbe356。B.37ab26dc。C.2acgf716。D.58bcde32。E.18ac42de。【参考答案】B36.有一个6x6的方阵,它所包含的每个小方格中可填入一个汉字。已有部分汉字填入。现要求该方阵中的每行均含有礼、乐、射、御、书、数6个汉字,不能重复,不能遗漏。根据上述要求,以下哪项是方阵底行5个空格从左至右应填入的汉字?A.数、礼、乐、射、御。B.乐、数、御、射、礼。C.数、礼、乐、御、射。D.乐、礼、射、数、御。E.数、御、乐、射、礼。【参考答案】A37.某市青年节设立了流行、民谣、摇滚、民族、电音、说唱、爵士这7类的奖项评选。在入围名单中,已知:(1)至少有6类入围;(2)流行、民谣、摇滚中至多有2类入围;(3)如果摇滚和民族类都入围,则电音和说唱中至少有1类没有入围。根据上述信息,可以得出以下哪项?A.流行类没有入围。B.民谣类没有入围。C.摇滚类没有入围。D.爵士类没有入围。E.电音类没有入围。【参考答案】C38.某大学有位女教师默默资助一偏远山区的贫困家庭长达15年。记者多方打听,发现做好事的都是该大学传媒学院甲、乙、丙、丁、戊5位老师中的一位。在接受采访时,5位老师都很谦虚,他们对记者这么说的:甲:这件事是乙做的;乙:我没有做,是丙做了这件事;丙:我没有做这件事;丁:我也没有做这件事,是甲做的;戊:如果甲没有做,则丁也不会做。记者后来得知,上述5位老师,只有1人说的话符合真实情况。根据上述信息,可以得出做这件好事的人是:A.甲。B.乙。C.丙。D.丁。E.戊。【参考答案】D39.作为一名环保爱好者,赵博士提倡低碳生活,积极宣传节能减排。但我不赞同他的做法,因为,作为一名大学老师,他这样做,占用了大量科研时间,到现在连副教授都没评上。他的观点怎么能令人信服呢?以下哪项论证中的错误和上述最为相似?A.张某提出要同工同酬,主张在质量相同的情况下,不分年龄、级别,一律按件计酬,他这样说话不就是因为她年轻、级别低吗?其实,她是在为自己谋利益。B.公司的绩效奖励制度是为了充分调动广大员工的积极性,它对所有员工都是公平的。如果有人对此有不同意见,则说明他反对公平。C.最近听说你对单位的管理制度提了不少意见,这真是令人难以置信!单位领导对你差吗?这么做分明是和单位领导过不去。D.单位任命李某担任信息科科长,听说你对此有意见。大家都没有提意见,只有你一个人有意见,看来你是有问题的。E.有一种观点认为,只有直接看到的事物才能确信其存在。但是没有人可以看到质子、电子。而这些都被科学证明是客观存在的。所以该观点是错误的。【参考答案】A40.下面6张卡片,一面印的是汉字(动物或者花卉),一面印的是数字(奇数或偶数)。对于上述6张卡片,如果要验证“每张至少有一面印的是偶数或者花卉”,至少需要翻看几张卡片?A.2。B.3。C.4。D.5。E.6。【参考答案】B41.某地人才市场招聘保洁、物业、网管、销售等4种岗位的从业者,有甲、乙、丙、丁4位年轻人前来应聘。事后所知,每人只选择一种岗位应聘,且每种岗位都有其中一人应聘。另外,还知道:(1)如果丁应聘网管,那么甲应聘物业;(2)如果乙不应聘保洁,那么甲应聘保洁且丙应聘销售;(3)如果乙应聘保洁,那么丙应聘销售,丁也应聘保洁。根据以上陈述,可以得出以下哪项?A.甲应聘物业岗位。B.丁应聘销售岗位。C.丙应聘保洁岗位。D.甲应聘网管岗位。E.乙应聘网管岗位。【参考答案】E42.旅游是一种独特的文化体验。游客可以跟团游,也可以自由行。自由行游客虽避免了跟团游的集体束缚,但也放弃了人工导游的全程讲解,而近年来他们了解旅游景点的文化需求却有增无减。为适应这一市场需求,基于手机平台的多款智能导游APP被开发出来。它们可定位用户位置,自动提供景点讲解、游览问答等功能。有专家就此提出,未来智能导游必然会取代人工导游,传统的导游职业行将消亡。以下哪项如果为真,最能质疑上述专家的论断?A.目前发展较好的智能导游APP用户量在百万级左右,这与当前中国旅游人数总量相比还只是一个很小的比例,市场还没有培养出用户的普遍消费习惯。B.旅行中才会使用的智能导游APP,如何保持用户黏性、未来又如何取得商业价值等都是待解问题。C.好的人工导游可以根据游客需求进行不同类型的讲解,不仅关注景点,还可表达观点,个性化很强,这是智能导游APP难以企及的。D.国内景区配备的人工导游需要收费,大部分导游讲解的内容都是事先背好的标准化内容。但是,即便人工导游没有特色,其退出市场也需要一定的时间。E.至少有95%的国外景点所配备的导游讲解器没有中文语音,中国出境游客因为语言和文化上的差异,对智能导游APP的需求比较强烈。【参考答案】C43.甲:上周去医院,给我看病的医生竟然还在抽烟。乙:所有抽烟的医生都不关心自己的健康,而不关心自己健康的人也不会关心他人的健康。甲:是的,不关心他人健康的医生没有医德。我今后再也不会让没有医德的医生给我看病了。根据上述信息,以下除了哪项,其余各项均可得出?A.乙认为上周给甲看病的医生不会关心乙的健康。B.甲认为他不会再找抽烟的医生看病。C.甲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麋鹿食荐

2019年考研试题多地出现问题,当儿戏的研究生考试还有价值吗?

交白卷和看到答案的考生2019年研究生考试各种奇葩新闻2019年的硕士研究生考试已经结束,然而在网络中曝光的各种奇葩新闻却有点让人拉眼睛,辛苦一年努力复习的考生们在普通高校山东师大遇到了带答案的试卷,而985高校的电子科技大学居然把专业课的试卷发错,面对发错的试卷,考生们只能枯坐3小时,最后无奈交白卷,从中国的普通高校到985高校,都已经把说硕士研究生考试不当回事,用中国的依据俗语,当你对别人不当回事的时候,别人也会对你不当回事,当高校自己都对研究生考试不当回事的时候,那么如何要求高校的导师们对研究生培育当回事?中国高等教育堪忧中国的高等教育堪忧最近几年,中国的全国研究生统考频繁出现泄题事件,那么对于高校的专业考试来说,那么更是一种敷衍差事,山西师范大学的老师们甚至懒得去重新出题,直接把去年的试卷拿来直接对考生进行考核,当被网络曝光时,校方才无奈地通知考生在12月26日重新考试,高校的教授们遇到不断扩招的生源,以及高校的各种变态考核制度,在年底疲于应付各项考核的老师们只能通过敷衍试卷来变相地抗议,不在高校的人们,不会感受到高校的各种考核评价体系的变态,从财务审核报销到繁忙的各种会晤,加上年底的科研考核申报,中国高校的教授们都疲于应对,严进宽出的硕士研究生已经成为常态,自从研究生自费开始,高校都通过各种手段想要提高研究生的招收数量,清华和北大等很多高校研究生数量早已超越了本科生数量,清华北大金本科、银硕士、铜博士并不是没有道理,中国的高等教育质量堪忧!高校研究生和导师们的相互吐槽高校研究生和导师们的相互吐槽最近针对研究生考试,小编写了大量文章,通过高校和社会的一些现象来探讨目前中国研究生学位的含金量,针对网红考研教师张雪峰的言论写过《中国高等教育的悲哀:把考研辅导班竟然办成了一项产业!》的文章,也根据中国就业市场报告写过《高校辅导员也要求博士毕业!难道中国高学历就业市场已经饱和?》的文章,更多的是针对目前中国高等教育体系内研究生和导师们的相互吐槽,中国应试教育培养的研究生们认为自己被导师当成佣人,处处为难自己,以至于中国的研究生都称自己的导师为老板,而中国的高校的教授们却吐槽中国的研究生生源质量太差,需要导师当保姆式的帮助,本来可以自己查文献的事情,也需要导师去帮着找资料,实验需要导师催促着去做,甚至连毕业论文都需要导师帮着去写。很多人在小编文章下留言说小编观点的错误,其实这是由于中国高校研究生教育质量差异造成的,很多不具备研究生导师资格的导师靠着压迫学生去完成工作,而很多名校的导师们都具备有海外留学宽进严出的经历,他们对比自己在海外全靠自己的主动时学习,国内的研究生们面对严进宽出,他们对待科研实验失去热情,只想获得一纸名校的毕业证,这也是为何江苏一名高校教授痛心疾首地说:“自己花费20多万培养的研究生却去苏宁当了销售!”因此,当你觉得某些观点不正确的时候,也许你观察事物站的角度可能不同,当你换一个角度,重新审视某一事物时,你就会发现自己曾今的错误观点,欢迎大家留言吐槽!

伏于岩穴

二战考研学生:今年的考研试题相对于去年考研试题整体较简单!

现在对于参加考研的学生来说,最关注的就是今年的考研究竟难不难呢?因此你便会看到很多学生自从考场回到学校讨论的问题都是以今年的考研难度为主线,有的学生表示今年的考研试题是真的难,但也有一部分考生表示今年的试题还是相对来说比较容易一些,那么到底是难还是不难呢?或许我们那些二战考研的学生更加有发言权吧!据了解很多二战考研的学生表示,今年的考研试题相对于去年的考研试题来说还是要容易很多的。我想凡是关注考研的学生来说,都清楚18考研的试题难度,拿数学来说,18考研的数学试题所考察的知识点都有超纲的知识点,这难倒了诸多的考生,所以18考研数学考试结束后,是真的有很多学生便放弃了后续的考试了,选择放弃了,因为数学这一单科成绩已经是没戏了。更为重要的是在2月公布的研究生招生考试的最低分数线中,数学的最低分数线下降了非常的多,所以这足以说明18考研数学试题非常的难。但对于今年的数学试题来说,二战考研的学生表示难度不是没有但是相对于去年的考研数学已经是简单了很多了,所以他们认为今年的数学相对容易一些。此外,今年的英语试题上,虽然有几个单词考研学生表示不认识,阅读理解不会做,新题型不会做等诸多情况,但是从目前的情况来看今年的英语试题相对于去年的英语试题还是有一定的下降。二战考研的学生也表示,今年的英语试题有难度,但是绝对没有18考研的难,因为去年他们在做英语的时候不管是作文还是阅读,或者还是新题型都是非常的难,最后在所公布的英语单科国家线上也明显的体现了出来,18英语单科线相对于17年英语单科线整整下降了两分。所以,从那些二战考研的学生得出的结论是相对于去年的考研来说,今年的考研还是比较容易的,但是依然非常的有一定的难度。或许这些二战考研的学生,对于今年的考研试题会更加的有清晰的认识,毕竟参加了去年的硕士研究生招生考试,有了一定的对比,因此大致可以确定今年 的考研试题相对于去年的考研试题还是比较简单一些的。

数如佚汤

2019年英语一、二考研作文真题和完整版答案,赶快来对答案喽!

导语:2019年英语一、二考研作文真题和完整版答案,赶快来对答案喽!2019考研英语(一)图画作文是让考生写出坚持的重要性,题目描述的是两个人在爬山,一个人太累想停下来,另外一个人给他递了一瓶水,告诉他要坚持下去。针对本题,文都考研教学研究院提供2019考研英语(一)真题答案大作文参考范文一篇如下:【题目】52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-180 words based on the following picture.In your essay, you should1) describe the picture briefly.2) interpret its intended meaning, and3) give your comments.【参考范文】The cartoon provides us with a thought-provoking scene: two men are climbing a hill, but one of them desires to give up e to tiredness, while the other one encourages him to keep going.Undoubtedly, the cartoonist aims at reminding us of the significance of persistence. At the top of the list, we should attach importance to perseverance mainly e to that it can enable us to ameliorate ourselves so we can be qualified for future career promotion, and be ready for meeting the forthcoming challenges.What’s more, we ought to place a high value on the role played by persistence in personal growth. Put it another way, in this ever-changing world, perseverance is to personal growth what water is to fish. To sum up, if persistence misses our attention in any possible way, we will suffer a great loss beyond imagination.Hence, it is vital for us to derive positive implications from the above cartoon. For one thing, we should frequently use it to enlighten the young. For another, we should cultivate the awareness of teenagers that it is very vital to keep going toward our goals. Only by doing so, can we become winner in the face of difficulties.【参考范文译文】这个漫画给我们呈现了一个发人深思的情景:两人正在爬山,但是其中一个人因为疲劳想要放弃,而另一个人鼓励他继续下去。毫无疑问,图画的作者旨在提醒我们坚持重要性。首先,我们应该重视坚持,主要是因为坚持可以让我们完善自身,这样我们未来才有资格得到职业生涯的进步,才能做好准备迎接以后的挑战。另外,我们也应该重视坚持在个人成长方面的作用。在这个多变的时代,坚持对于个人成长就像水对于鱼一样重要。 换言之,如果我们以任何可能的形式忽视坚持,我们将遭受非常巨大的损失。因此,从以上图画中得出积极的含义非常重要。一方面,我们应该经常用它来启迪年轻人。另外一方面,我们应该培养青少年重视坚持的意识。只有这样,我们才能成为困难面前的赢家。各位考研学子,明天继续加油,祝考出好成绩!考研必胜!