硕士英语一题型

今天北鼎君和大家分享的是中山大学英语MTI初试备考指导，将会从中大MTI简介、报录数据、真题剖析和备考攻略四部分来讲解。相信通过这篇文章大家会对中大MTI各方面有进一步的了解。中大MTI分为英语笔译和英语口译，隶属于国际翻译学院。中大是首批经国务院学位委员会批准的15所MTI试点教学单位之一，与北大、北外、广外和上外同一批开始招生。由于中大是首批MTI试点教学单位之一，经过多年的发展，在MTI教学方面也积累了丰厚的经验。加之名校、名师的加持，在综合类院校里，中山大学的MTI专业毫无疑问是个不错的选择。从近3年报录数据来看，总体而言中大MTI的报名人数增加，也表明中大MTI不断受到考生的喜爱。不过，同学们也不用过于担心，虽然报名人数不断增加，但是招生人数其实也在增长。特别是近两年，除去推免生，笔译招生人数稳定在40左右。口译历年招生人数都较少，除去推免，稳定在10左右。近三年录取人数报名人数增加对同学们来说是第一个有利因素，此外，报考中大的第二个有利因素是中大的真题有依可循。所以，随着招生人数的增加，只要同学们把握真题动向，备考得当，考上中大并不是件难事。因为了解真题特点是备考的第一步，所以接下来，我们就来看看中大MTI都考些什么内容。翻译硕士英语翻译硕士英语的题型为选择题、阅读题和写作题，都是一些比较常规和基础的题型。考过专四的同学，对这些题型应该不会陌生。选择题为30题，一般是15道语法题，15道词汇题。词汇考查的形式一般是形近词和短语辨析。阅读题有5篇，4篇选择，1篇简答。最后是一篇400词的议论文写作。阅读题接着，我们来具体看看中大的考题。这里整理了2018年和2019年5篇阅读理解的题目、题源和字数。阅读理解的类型比较多样，包括科学、社会、经济和人文等。从题源和字数来看，阅读理解的难度和字数都有所增加，对考生的要求也相应提高了。这点变化是在备考中需要留意的。写作最后是写作题，我们可以看到，写作题的文体都是议论文，题目也都是一些与考生学习和生活息息相关的话题。总的来说，翻译硕士英语这门考查的题型比较常规，难度适中。语法词汇为专四专八难度，阅读理解难度有所提升，选自托福雅思真题。写作变化不大，以社会热点话题的议论文为主。英语翻译基础英语翻译基础，题型为词条和篇章翻译。中大词条以时事热点和政经类的词条为主，历年也是这样的特点。此外，中大有时候会考历年真题，比如NAFTA北美自由贸易协定是2017年的真题。TPP跨大平洋伙伴关系协定在2016年也考查过。再来看看历年篇章翻译的真题，以2017年为界，中大篇章翻译考查的文本类型有些许变化。2017年以前，英译汉都是文学翻译，汉译英为政治类的演讲稿为主，与CATTI考试风格极为相似。2017年以后，英译汉为外刊翻译，汉译英为文学翻译。总体而言，英译汉侧重外刊和文学翻译，汉译英以文学翻译为主。字数长度适中，稳中有增，保持在500-700区间内。汉语写作和百科知识汉语写作和百科知识。考试题型为选择题、名词解释、应用文写作和命题写作。题量不大。选择题比较常见，这里就不多赘述。需要注意的一点是，中大百科选择题几乎每年都会考到英美文化，题数不多，1到2题。名词解释，中大的名词解释没有很偏的词条，几乎都是一些耳熟能详的，在准备这门课的过程中都会遇到的词条，比较偏文化和经济类。最后一个题型：写作。看历年真题就会发现，应用文写作没有比较偏的文体，以稿件、信件和报告为主。命题作文以议论文为主，近几年作文材料选取诗词类，要求考生就诗词的中的观点发表看法。一方面，这对考生的要求增加了，考生需要从诗词中提取观点，考查考生的文学素养。另一方面，作文题目的限制实际上是降低了，只要考生扣题言之有理即可。真题特点把握真题特点之后，在这里给大家提供几条备考攻略。翻译硕士英语首先针对翻译硕士英语，第一点就是扩大词汇量，全面熟悉语法，重点突破中大高频语法考点。对于词汇量不大的同学，可以先从专四词汇开始记忆。背熟专四词汇之后，再来背专八词汇。词汇需要大家反复记忆，专四和专八词汇是基础，一定要确保在考试之前将词汇至少背3遍。写作方面的重点是议论文写作，同学们要了解议论文写作格式，多使用一些地道的优美语句。用专八写作来练习和积累，平时精读外刊时遇到的好词好句也要积累下来。翻译硕士英语推荐书目英语翻译基础关于英语翻译基础，首先需要广泛记忆词条，重点记忆时事热点和政经类词条。以下的几本词条书都是不错的选择。时事热点方面的词条可通过微博上的卢敏热词和中国日报热词了解。篇章翻译以文学类为主，重点把握翻译的方法和技巧。不熟悉翻译技巧和方法的同学可以先看庄先生的翻译简明教程，这是翻译方法的入门教程，看完这本书会对翻译方法有大概的了解。文学文本的翻译可以用外刊翻译和CATTI二三级笔译的材料来练习，基础薄弱的同学可以先用三级，后期再用二级。英语翻译基础推荐书目汉语写作和百科知识百科知识的重点是中国文学文化、英美文化和经济类，同时对其他领域的知识也要有所涉猎，以文学文化经济类为主，其余为辅，扩大知识储备。应用文主要在于熟悉各类文体格式，中大考查的重点以通告总结类为主，在熟悉过这类格式之后，也需要对其他类型有所了解。此外，还需要在日常学习中积累写作素材，这样才能让作文的论据更加充分。最后提醒一点，由于中大近几年选择诗词作为作文素材，同学们还需加强自己的文学素养和功底，平时多阅读相关的诗词和材料。

如果说高考是一场规定路线终点明确的马拉松，考研初试是一场终点明确但并未规定路线的马拉松，那么，考研的复试就更像是一场随意的长跑，你不知道终点在哪里，更没人和你说捷径是哪条。大多数的人就像个无头的苍蝇四处碰撞，试探。如果有的学校明确规定了复试的科目和形式，那么恭喜你——可以少做一些无用功。但上年学姐参加复试时，学校给出的大纲写的是：“与本专业相关的全部课程，数学，英语。”黑人问号脸？全部课程？天知道学姐有多迷茫，这是要看多少本书啊，什么叫相关啊。当然学校也没有辜负学姐的期望，等到复试考试的时候，真正见识到了什么叫全部课程，真的是，只要是学过的课，全部都出题了，做起来那叫一个酸爽。虽然每个学校考察的形式不同，但是都有一项必不可少的，那就是：英语每个学校，对英语都是相当的重视，甚至可以说，好的学校英语可以占到将近一半的比重，因为毕竟你成为研究生后，外文文献是必不可少的。所以说，小伙伴们在准备复试时，英语是一定要重视的，每个学校的考察情况不同，学姐今天就综合各个学校的英语考察，和大家说说英语复试应该怎么准备，按需食用哦。一、英语听力大家可能会认为听力只出现在试卷中，其实不然。比如，你进到教室里，老师让你开始自我介绍，你听不懂，咋整？到了老师提问环节，老师说的问题你也一个听不懂，咋整？所以，英语听力还是要多多练习的。如何准备？如果学校规定你们英语试卷有听力部分的话，你可以找出六级试卷，做一做听力部分，顺便给自己的六级提前做做准备嘛。如果没有英语听力，那么你可以找一些英语简单对话的小视频，多听一听，跟着读一读，并不是说能使你的听力有突飞猛进，但是至少可以让你耳朵对英语不那么陌生二、自我介绍中文自我介绍大家肯定是要准备的，中文准备好了，不管复试有没有英文自我介绍环节，有备无患，都准备一个。时长3到5分钟，里面内容最好涉及：家乡，本科院校，专业，本科主要学习课程，本科成绩，本科所获荣誉，以及报考原因。其他的你可以适当再添加。为什么要包括这几个方面呢？是因为在提问环节大大有作用，提问环节问什么？无非问你来自哪里，介绍一下你的专业，等等。自我介绍建议大家提前背好，有些同学可能会担心背诵会显得你不那么自然，但是，磕磕绊绊的自我介绍会使你一开始就大大减分，一个好的自我介绍，一个自信的你，一开始就赢了整场面试。还有一点要说的是，大多数同学英语水平都一般，所以写自我介绍的时候，肯定要去百度搜，自我介绍模板，然后千篇一律。其实用模板无关系，但是至少你要用心的整合一下呀，你别一字不落照搬。三、专业英语在学姐复试的时候，专业英语是最重要的部分，笔试时占了成绩的40%，然后面试时，又让现场翻译了一小篇专业文章，所以如果你有专业英语的考察，一定要上心，因为这部分分比较好拿，而且对你的研究生生涯也是大有用途。专业英语笔试的考察无非是翻译专业词汇，翻译句子，翻译段落，英译汉，汉译英。汉译英的难度可能会大一点。但是只要你把专业词汇全部掌握了，估计问题就不大了，毕竟我们可是考过考研英语的人呀。而相对笔试来说，现场口述翻译文章的难度可能会大一点，一般是给你一堆题，让你从中抽取一个，然后给你几分钟，先自己阅读准备一下，然后就开始翻译，一般是英译汉。即使你准备的很成功，在翻译中也难免会遇到不认识的词汇，千万不要慌张，按照上下文理解，实在理解不了，这个词汇你就跳过，跳不过就直接读出英文，不要说不认识了就不翻了，就在那思考。一是有时间限制，二是老师会很烦你在那就是不说话光站着，印象分就大大降低。四、问答环节这是一个折磨的环节，反正对学姐来说是的。那真的是你听不懂老师问什么，老师听不懂你在回答什么。不过这个环节大家一般回答的都一般。所以大家也不必担心，你可以提前准备一些老师可能会提问的问题：比如：你的家乡是哪里？介绍一下你的本科学校？你为什么要读研，又为什么选择我们学校？你学习过哪些课程？你对你的专业了解多少？……一般也就是和你的生活和专业有联系。五、英语试卷可能还会有学校出一套我们平时正常考试的英语试卷，包括阅读等等，这样的应该不是很多，如果有的话，大家就找找试卷练练手即可。英语的考察，怎么考也逃不了这些方面，但是在这个信息时代，信息很重要，毕竟每个学校的考察形式不同，要求不同，不能说埋头苦学，多逛逛学校官网，问问学长学姐们，省的做无用功~

或许对于绝大多数的大学生来说，正在享受着悠闲的暑假，没有学习压力，没有其他的科研任务，而对于正在准备考研的大学生来说，这为期两个月的暑假应该是他们最为辛苦的时间段了，也可能是他们学生生涯中最为繁忙的一个暑假了，因为暑假是考研学生复习的黄金周，所以几乎所有的考研学生都在用心的准备专业课和公共课的复习。但是在暑假期间，复习的重点一定是考研英语的长时间、系统性、全面性的复习，因为考研英语是考研中考试科目中最令考研学生慌张的一个科目，每年都会有大量的考研学生因为英语成绩的不如意而丢失了读研的机会。只是在暑假期间，每一个考研学生都会认真地做英语真题，于是便会有考研学生在探讨，假如考研英语一能够考到60分左右的话，那么这对于考研学生来说是怎样的一个水平呢？研究生：非常优秀。相信每一个经历过考研的学生对于英语一能够考60分左右的考研学生有一个很清楚的认识，一般来说当你的英语成绩能够达到60多分时，那么你的考研英语成绩绝对不会成为你考研失败的原因，也不是考研学生的减分项。一方面，从考研初试的角度来分析。每一个考研的学生只有顺利的通过初试，才能够获得进入复试的可能，也就是说我们的初试成绩必须达到每年发布的考研国家线，只有过了国家线才有可能进入复试，而在每年的考研国家线中13个大学科中的英语国家线，60分左右的英语成绩绝对可以顺利的通过国家线。因此，当考研的学生能够在考研英语中获得60多分的成绩话，英语单科成绩绝对不会成为我们进入复试的拦路虎。另一方面，从考研复试的角度来分析。考研复试中最具有独特性的便是我们考研学生所熟知的34所自主划线院校，因为这些高校的考研复试线在划定中都会远远的高于国家线，尤其是考研英语复试线，这些高校的英语复试线一般是在50分到55分之间，因此当你的考研英语成绩达到60多分的时候，你便更有可能进入34所自主划线院校的复试环节。同时，在其他高校的复试中英语成绩也会有一定的积极作用，毕竟能够有这样的分数，一般来说自身的英语水平不会特别的差，所以在复试中也会为自己增光填色。此外，考研英语一难度较大，60分属于良好。考研英语中分英语一和英语二，只不过两者之间因为考试试题类型不同、针对考生不同，所以试题难度也有不同，考研英语一的难度要远远的高于考研英语二的难度，所以能够考60多分属实不易了。记得自己当初考研的时候也仅仅只是考了56分，但是那都是费了九牛二虎之力，将大把的时间放到了考研英语的复习上，最终也没有考到60分，所以自认为英语一能够考到60多分属实可以了。总之，对于考研学生来说，不仅仅希望自己的英语成绩能够优秀，也希望自己的总成绩更加的给力，所以只要你的英语成绩能够达到60多分，那么在英语方面不管是初试还是复试都可以轻松过关，最后被顺利的录取。

2021年考研英语，今天下午已经考试结束，在考完英语以后，很多考生都在吐槽今年的考研英语试题难度比较大，很多考生反映考研完形填空和阅读理解，以及英语作文难度比较大。一些考生担心今年考研国家线还会提高，而自己的考研成绩又不好，害怕自己因为考研英语成绩不好，导致最终没有考上研究生。那么其实硕士研究生期间用英语的地方不多，但是为何考研还要考英语呢？作为老师认为主要原因有3点。第一点，考研英语的区分度比较高。在考研的4门科目当中，考研政治和考研专业课，一般考生都可以通过国家线。而每年报考的考生比较多，像2021年考研报考人数就达到了377万人，但是考研录取人数大概只有100万人，这就意味着经济有260多万的考生会沦为炮灰。为此又在几百万的考生当中选取适合读研的考生难度比较大，而考研英语的区分度比较高，容易筛选出适合考研的学生。第二点，考研英语的试题设置有一定的科学含义。在考研试题当中，试题的设置有一定的科学含义，尤其是考研英语的阅读理解，重在考查考生的逻辑思维能力。而研究生期间重在考察学生是否有创新创造的能力，而这一能力的体现主要通过考生的逻辑思维来观察，因此一个考生如果逻辑缜密有条理性，那么他的考研英语阅读理解很容易得高分。为此考研英语成为了辨别考生是否具有逻辑思维的重要标志之一。第三点，虽然客观上讲研究生期间使用英语的地方并不多，但是这并非意味着英语就没有任何用处。说是在研究生期间需要通过阅读外围文献来了解整个学科内容的发展趋势，有利于和国外学术界进行交流沟通。如果考生考上研究生以后，英语能力比较差，阅读和听说能力不高，那么就很难进一步的钻研世界前沿的科学文化知识，很难创造出学术价值。为此基于以上3点理由考研，还是必须要考英语。同时我们可以看到考研英语的难度还是在不断的提高。从近10年考研报考人数观察来看，考研报考人数增加的幅度很大。但是考研英语的国家线变化的幅度并不大。即使考虑到研究生扩招的因素，背后其实也折射出考研英语试题难度的提高，考生想得高分并不容易。2021年考研英语已经结束，考生明日就考专业课或者数学。考生一定要做好考试，准备认真备考。对此大家还有哪些不同的看法？

大家好随着考研复试的脚步逐渐来临，考研复试英语口试大家现在也要逐渐练起来，小编今天给大家整理了去年一些同学复试英语口语所问到的一些问题，欢迎历年的学长学姐们将你们的考研口语复试的评论分享给广大的考研学子。2019年 厦门大学公共管理专业why do you choose the MPAcc?what subjects are you most interested in?how do you coordinate your work and study?2019年南开大学法律硕士专业what are you hobbies?please say something about yourself?what do you think about the Law?2019南开大学电子专硕say something about your hometown?Is there any special dish in your hometown?Why do you want to attend graate school?say someting about your future plan?欢迎学长学姐们将你们的考研口语复试的问题，评论分享给广大的考研学子。最后祝大家一战成硕！加油！

本科的时候，学习英语这件事似乎一直被我们挂在嘴边，这是因为大学的时候大一大二要学四个学期的大学英语课程，在这样的一个环境下，每学期还时不时关注英语四六级报考的事情，可是，到了研究生期间，似乎都不怎么提学习英语的事情了，但是学习英语这件事情不应该被抛之脑后，因为英语能力在研究生生涯同样具有重要的作用下面来说说读研期间英语的重要性研究生英语课程需要不错，研究生期间会有一门课程：研究生英语，几乎每个学校都会开这样一门课程，虽然英语的学习一直是“听、说、读、写”这四个方面，但是很少有人达到熟练掌握的程度，作为一门课程，尽自己最大能力学好是理所当然，只有学好每一门课程才能获取更高的结课成绩和绩点成绩，不至于拉低自己的平均成绩分研究生期间要求所修学分一般都不怎么多，在30学分左右。通常情况来讲，研一第一学期和第二学期的上半学期开设研究生文化课程的学习，因此，每一门课程都要尽量学好。当然，很多学校有这样的文件要求：本科获得国家英语六级考试的同学可以免修研究生英语课程，期末以85分作为统一成绩，前提是必须有CET六级证书，所以换句话说，学习英语该吃的苦还是要吃，本科不努力英语，研究生期间还要努力学英文文献阅读的需要研究生期间的学习除了必修课程之外，还要做大量的文献阅读工作，理工类研究生还要做实验之类的研究。正如各位所知，论文文献的阅读不仅仅局限于中文文献，更多的前沿理论知识一般都发表在英文期刊上，因此要想尽快熟悉了解掌握所研究领域的研究状况，阅读英文文献是不可或缺的，而此时，就要求你必须具备英文阅读的能力就语言学习方面来说，英文文献的阅读反过来又是强化学习英语的一个过程，良性循环，做科研搞学术的同时又进一步提高了英语能力水平英语演讲报告的需要对于名校的研究生来说，研究生期间会参加一些国际学术会议报告等类似的学术活动，如果被选为发言代表，则多数情况下要使用英语这一官方通用型国际语言。比如用英语做PPT，这就要求英语的写能力；发言交流需要英语的听说能力，在于一些学术大咖交流时，英语听说能力就显得更为重要了。英语能力好似通往国际学术园地的一座桥，用于获取掌握国外学者在某一领域的研究状况。工作招聘的需要转眼间来到校园招聘季的时候，会看到招聘要求上多数写着：英语六级者优先之类的筛选条件，英语能力越来越被企业看中，尤其是公司业务遍及全球时，熟练精通英语这一技能显得更为重要怎么提升英语能力不要放下对于大多数研究生来说，英语“听说读写”能力应该都不是很差，最重要的一点就是不要把“学习英语”这件事放下，一旦放下了，再次捡起就很困难了坚持阅读对于大多数研究生来说，读研期间最重要的英语能力方面便是“读”这一能力，对此，每天要坚持阅读英文材料，英文材料可以是一些英文读物、英语新闻、英语单词或者英文文献，英文文献是最具有针对性的，对于某一学术领域，其必然有一些学术专有名词，因此，阅读研究方向的英文文献或许是最有益处的，一举两得综述英语的重要性不言而喻，研究生们，万万不可放下英语的学习对此你有什么观点呢？欢迎在评论区留言交流哦

每年高考完，一大群说数学太难了，英语太难了，结果出来，满分的一大群，。当然考研后，也是一大群说考题难得，没有人说考题简单的。考研英语难不难？我告诉你，绝对的难。为何难？的因为考研英语是全国统一考试，只要是全国统一考试，题就没有简单过，过去高考全国统一的时候，那题也是非常的难，等到有的省能自己命题了，结果很多省的题就特别简单了。考研政治难不难？政治这门课，怎么说呢，你想考高分那是绝对不可能的。你想考低分很容易，据统计，基本上所有人政治都能上线。只要考研认真的复习一个月，考个60分还是没问题的。所以政治肯定不难。考研英语难不难？考研英语肯定难了，我听说过六级考90多的，但是没听说考研英语能考90多的，倒是考三四十的一大群，很多学生考研不敢靠清华北大等名校，唯一的害怕就是英语太难，而清华北大的英语最低复试线基本是55分，最对于理工科来说简直要人老命啊。清华大学，北京大学这2019年考研复试线也是要人老命，经济学金融学分数都是将近400分。考研英语用处考研英语啥用处？个人觉得唯一用处就是淘汰英语不好的人（尤其是我这一号人，英语巨差），别的毫无用处，虽然看着考研英语50分不高，但是大部分都考不了这么高的分数。放心考研难，大家都难，都不会做，都瞪眼，最后复试线肯定不会高于60分，国家线又是不到40分。所以无所谓难了，坚持考完才是道理。老铁们，你们怎么看呢？

2020考研初试马上来临，21考研的小伙伴也要开始准备了~今天小编就在这里给大家分享一下关于“2021考研MTI考生年前复习规划”，希望同学们认真阅读有所收获！一、翻译硕士专业了解翻译硕士(MTI)专业，是近年来考生报考的热门专业之一，适合主修英语、翻译、小语种本科的学生考取。该专业不仅面向广大的外语类专业学生，也鼓励非外语专业及有口笔译经验的学生考取，因为这部分同学具有各自专业领域的知识，有助于以后承担复合性的工作。很多同学从了解考研开始，都是比较迷茫的，对于自己适合什么专业、什么学校、报考什么地区都有各种各样的疑问。尤其是对于公共课的数学，不少同学都是欲哭无泪，在选择专业时尽量避开考查数学的专业门类。不考数学的学科，一般来说有哲学类、法学类、教育学类、文学类、历史学类等。外语专业的同学比较好选择专业，学硕专业有文学、语言学、学科教学等专业，专硕专业有翻译(包括口译和笔译);非外语专业有志于考取翻译专业的学生，虽然不考数学科目，但是会发现翻译这个专业并非自己想象中的那么简单。二、翻译硕士考查科目101 思想政治理论211 翻译硕士英语357 英语翻译基础448 汉语写作与百科知识三、翻译硕士专业备考初期规划总体介绍：翻译硕士专业考试科目和其他专业有很大的区别。其他专业都是350分全国统考(比如：政治100、英语100分、数学150)，专业课150分的自主命题，或者不考数学的专业200分全国统考，300分的专业课。翻硕100分的政治是全国统考，400分专业课的自主命题(翻译硕士英语100分、英语翻译基础150分、汉语写作与百科知识150分)，所以翻硕这个专业最后还是要回归到目标学校上面。无论选取什么目标院校，该专业考查基础知识也具有普遍性。以下参考三科普遍考查内容，简单概述每一科目的具体范围，再对复习规划做出分析。《英语翻译基础》首先来说最重要、难度最大的《英语翻译基础》。这一科是翻硕考试的精髓，也是备考的重中之重。 考生刚开始备考，先要回顾自己在学校学习的全部翻译课程内容，争取早点回顾完基础知识。要是确定目标院校，就可以找来参考书目详细学习了。注意，这个过程是打基础的初期，学习参考书目可以适当放缓，对于看不懂或不理解的地方，一定要及时请教同学和老师，争取解决参开书目上的每一个问题。由于这门专业课拉分普遍的现象还是存在的，就需要从最开始复习的时候就准备和积累。该科目主要考查学生的翻译能力，题型比较单一，一般考词语翻译、英译汉、汉译英。当然需要注意学校题型不同，有的考散文、文学类，有的学校可能会考谚语、成语类的，需要考生结合历年考研试题加以区别分析。《翻译硕士英语》接着说考查英语综合能力的《翻译硕士英语》，这科考查题型比较全面，一般包括考查词汇和语法的选择题、完形填空、阅读理解、改错题、写作题等题目。由于是自命题，不同的院校的难度是不一样的。有的学校难度大，比专八要求还要高些难。大多数学校的要求在专四到专八之间，至于词汇量的话保持在10000左右或者以上 。该科目复习，还是找到参考书目，从基础英语、高级英语的课文单词内容回顾起，复习专四专八词汇、语法、阅读和写作等题型。《汉语写作与百科知识》相对前两科，这一科比较容易上手，难度也是不一 ，但同时由于大部分院校没有具体参考范围，导致考生们很头疼，不知道怎么复习。对于规定参考书目的学校，先认真学习参考书籍；没有规定考察范围的，则要参考大部分学校普遍考查的书目，不断扩充学习。这里要提醒大家，务必按照目标院校考研试题涉及的题型和内容，确定按照不同题型做针对性的复习准备。百科知识主要考查同学们的知识积累，大多院校可能考选择、填空、名词解释或提问回答等。对于汉语写作，则包括大小作文，前期可以写作类相关期刊等阅读学习。写作整体训练在暑期强化阶段以后进行即可。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. 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