163考研网

全国多地现已明确考研初试成绩查分时间很多同学已经坐不住了迫切地想知道究竟哪一天才能出成绩等待成绩的同时哪些事能提前准备起来？如需线上复试又该做好什么准备？关于考研复试你必须知道这些事儿都在这！考研初试成绩何时公布？考研初试成绩在哪儿查？考生可通过招生单位公布的途径查询。虽然成绩还没有出来，但考生对自己的情况最为了解，而且通过估分，可能也已经心中有数。对于成绩比较不错的考生来说，复试才是你面临的最大挑战，所以要抓紧准备复试了。对于成绩不够理想的考生来说，可以着手准备调剂、再战或者另谋出路。考研毕竟是一次选拔性的考试，存在一定的淘汰率。只要找到了努力的方向，就是不小的收获。图片来源于网络复试时间、流程及相关要求有哪些？复试时间一般在每年3月至4月。复试是硕士研究生招生考试的重要组成部分，用于考查考生的创新能力、专业素养和综合素质等。复试流程大致包括体检、笔试和面试等，详见各招生单位公布的办法政策。你的理想分数是多少呢？快在评论区告诉团团吧！希望微心愿让留守儿童春节不孤单点击图片查看详情↓编　　辑 | 王俊文审　　核 | 胡俊涛值班编委 | 柯建锋来　　源 | 学校共青团综合整理自研招网、@人民日报、光明网（点击图片即可查看全文）往期推荐： CNN教材来了！敲重点！一号文件说了啥？这个大学的“猴脸识别”太强了！[青春湖北] 投稿邮箱：youthhubei@163.com欢迎转发点赞，转载务必标明来源一键三连，让更多人知道！

脑洞大大大中第163关中玩家是需要号码来排队，队伍比较长，玩家该怎么做才能排到前面就好了?下面小编就给玩家带来脑洞大大大第163关怎么过的内容，一起去看看吧!第163关攻略如果我能排到前面就好了?将1与2调换位置，再将1与0调换位置

二〇一八年十二月十七日青·听今日配乐《我的梦》欢迎到网易云音乐，关注@共青团中央收听更多团团推荐的歌儿上周一晚，我们从《你今天偷的懒，都成了明天的“水逆”》精心挑选了以下留言，回复就在音频里面，戳音频收听团团小姐姐的回复哟！马上就要考研了，今晚我想跟大家分享一些考研的故事。@陶点点店店：“考研狗”不是白叫的！“大三不考研，天天像过年”也不是白说的！！考研到底有多累，身心俱疲也是不足以形容的。——先说身体方面吧遇上如果占座系统的图书馆，还有清晨5、6点去排队占座。考研狗们一天时间表大概如此，早上7点起床吃早饭。7点到12点，自习自习自习！中午午饭+午休。下午2点到6点，自习自习自习！晚上7点到10点，接着自习！！这种没日没夜的日子还要一年365天长期循环，所以没有个好体力根本坚持不下来。碰上生病休息几天都会徒增n++倍的愧疚感。——再说一下心理方面别人在吃饭的时候，你在高数线代概率论的苦海里刷题别人在睡觉的时候，你在从A到Z的单词书里背背背。别人在逛街的时候，你在深度解读思修近代史马克思毛概。这种毫无悬念毫无胜算的对比真的可能让你的内心瞬间决堤。但是，天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨！所有的努力都是为了最后的胜利。有了前半段的累，才会有后半段的甜！@噶球妹儿：从三月开始备战考研，真切感受得到的劳累是身体和心理的，身体的劳累次要，心理上的疲惫真的对整个人的状态有很大的影响。考研复习的紧迫感常常强烈到使人半夜惊醒，但是无奈的是白天的读书效率极低，极易受到其他事情影响打乱原计划，做任何一件事情时都倍感心慌和不安，不论是哪一项工作都做得不像样。疲惫的身体、心理，和脑子，所以基本上常常处于濒临崩溃的状态，稍有不小心就会有崩溃的可能。所以周边的环境，身边人的状态，甚至是不在身边的家人朋友的影响，都有可能影响你备考的心情。而你要相信的是，心情的波动很正常，当一个人的生活状态十分紧张时，完全有可能无法控制自己的情绪波动，所以“攀比”也是有可能发生的。这一切心情都是极有可能发生的，所以你务必要做好心理准备，也不必因为自己的状态太过紧张。备考初期的疲惫感，需要你反省一下自己对于考研的态度和想法。你是否是真心实意，有迫切的愿望想要进入研究生院校深造。备考中期的劳累多半与复习的进度和疲惫期，以及外界各种事情的影响相关。在六七月份遇到复习瓶颈的话，可以选择暂停一段时间的复习。在期末阶段，暂停一周的考研书籍背诵学习，专心完成学业期末任务，回到家中休息放松一段时间后，再次进入新一轮最紧张的复习。一般再次开始进行复习就将持续到十二月，这一阶段的休息放松其实也是为之后的漫长战役做好精力储备。备考后期是最辛苦的阶段，不能再停下脚步，当然这个时候紧张的情绪和神经，一般也不会有想要休息的心理，一般出现的瓶颈是复习遇到的难题，或是心理疲惫期。这个时候你或许很需要有人告诉你应该往哪儿走，有人告诉你你一定行，加油，有人和你一起努力，一起起早贪黑。看到这里~你或许明白了研友的重要性啦！希望对你有帮助！@街角111：高考是绝大多数学生必须过的一道坎，那会儿你身边的同龄人都在和你做一样的事情，互相之间一起鼓励一起安慰一起跌跌撞撞走过来。但是考研就不一样了，从头到尾就是一场孤独的旅行。从开始就会有人告诉你学历高根本没有工作经验来的重要不如直接去工作。原来一起飞的小伙伴在你备战期不断的因为拿到工作的OFFER聚会。哪怕是有一天你状态神勇做了一套模拟卷得了满分也不会有什么人关心第二天早上还得在室友的鼾声中起床迎着风雪去图书馆占座。当你每天早上6点半起床去图书馆，看见宿舍的同学都还在睡觉的时候……每天晚上从图书馆回来看见室友都在玩电脑的时候，你就会发现，高考和考研完全是两码事。@孙盼盼：一天只睡6个小时，丝毫不在乎自己的形象。梦里还在想着宏观和微观传播效果，想着具体案例的沉默螺旋表现和发生机制，想着英语句子和单词……总之很累，对女朋友都没有了耐心，心中只有一个目标，就是要用成功来证明自己。分享了这么多网友的观点，我想说考研的同学们要加油呀。其实人生是一条很长很长的路，不管在考研这个路口，你最终走向了哪个方向，都希望同学们能坚持前进的脚步。美好的风景在沿途，更在你的心底。有一天，走着走着你会发现，其实你自己才是人生旅途中最动人的景色。周六、周日主播投稿邮箱：tuantuanfm@163.com 发送内容：个人简历+音频小样邮件标题请注明“青听-主播陪你·成长2018年12月17日 星期一预祝大家考研必胜！陪你青听｜陈晓苏（团重庆市江北区委）编　　辑｜冯佳晖（团湖北省委）主　　播｜王慕清（团团小姐姐）制　　图｜冯佳晖（团湖北省委）剪　　辑｜葛 颖投稿邮箱｜tuantuanFM@163.com来　　源｜微信公众号“大学声”图片来源｜千库网

摘要：求职门槛的水涨船高，让硕士乃至985硕士学历，才能成为进入名企的敲门砖，考研因而被视为缓解就业压力最划算的方式，但殊不知，漫漫考研路非但不是坦途，更布满荆棘。本报记者 刘波报道距12月21日考研初试，已不足两月。近300万“考研党”，在这场没有硝烟的战争中，成功“上岸”者，意味着可以通过继续深造，以博得更高生存技能，暂缓就业压力；失败，则要强迫自己做出抉择，究竟是再拼一次，还是投身职场。焦虑、倦怠、迷茫，对考研学子而言，无异于背水一战。考研热激发竞争压力自大学本科扩招后，毕业生数量持续走高。2019届高校毕业生达834万，较去年增加14万。本科学历的相对价值下降，让就业压力逐年增加，无论金融、互联网、人工智能等高回报行业，还是事业编等传统稳定的职业，纷纷提升了学历要求。找工作难，找到如意的工作更难。调查显示，2018届本科毕业生“受雇工作”的比例为73.6%，已连续5年下降。2019年，有88.10%的应届毕业生认为就业有难度。求职门槛的水涨船高，让硕士乃至985硕士学历，才能成为进入名企的敲门砖，考研因而被视为缓解就业压力最划算的方式，让很多本科生将目光重投校园，选择继续深造提升学历，以增加自身社会竞争的砝码。但殊不知，漫漫考研路非但不是坦途，更布满荆棘。尽管“考研热”在2014年与2015年间有所降温，但自从2016年开始，报考人数显著增长。其中，江苏、四川、广东、福建等地，近五年来已经翻番。教育部公布数据显示，2016年全国考研报考人数仅为177万人；2017年便增长至201万人；2018年达238万人；2019年，则攀升至290万人，达历史峰值。业内普遍预测，2020年考研报考人数，很可能会激增至320万至350万之间。值得关注的是，考研报名人数井喷式增长的同时，招生名额却仅有小幅增加。相关数据显示，2018年硕士研究生，报考人数同比增长18.4%，录取人数的增长却仅为6％；40年间，研究生招生名额狂飙80倍，表面上报录比从1998年的4.7∶1下滑至2017年的2.9∶1，但考生面临的实际竞争压力急剧攀升。僧多粥少，让录取难度却大幅加大。据了解，很多211学校的考研难度已经不亚于顶尖名校。以热门财经类院校为例，某211财经大学2017年“全日制会计硕士”报考人数为1478人，录取163人，报录比接近10∶1。2018年，该专业录取人数上升至163人，但报名人数却增长至2793人，导致当年录报比再次降低至5.8％。除此以外，庞大的考研大军中，往届生要占到总人数的45%。这其中既有“重返战场”的职场人士，也不乏二战、三战的考研老将。相较于应届生，他们往往有更丰富的备考经验、更优渥的经济基础，为应届考生蒙上厚厚阴霾。客观评估考研需合理应对尽管考上心仪学校越来越难，但应届大学生们显然仍愿意拼一拼。每次清晨经过大学图书馆，总有考研学子坐在台阶前，在等待图书馆开门；每次傍晚踏出图书馆，仍能看到考研学子，将头深埋于堆成小山的资料里；每次走在校园的某处角落，还是总有考研学子忘我背诵的身影。考研看重厚积薄发，每年都会有一批佼佼者成功上岸。如今正攻读博士学位的张博文告诉记者，每一个经历考研的学生都知道，但凡动了这个念头，除非成功上岸，否则就难以真正放下。因为，考研承载了太多的东西，其中最重要的，是梦想。作为学校最早一批确定考研目标的学生，张博文知道自己并不比别人聪明，唯有靠努力往前走。“从2014年到2017年底，每天七点之前开始自习，直至晚十点结束，若无意外，风雨无阻。光笔芯就用掉三百多只，都是论盒买，每当看到那攒了一大箱子的空芯，就会想起那段疯狂而又有趣的考研生活。”教育学博士程璐表示，读研意在培养学生的研究意识，是培养更宏观、更严谨、能处理更复杂问题思维的珍贵机会，这种能力是跨越职业和具体工作的更高技能，一生受用。所以，如果有能力一定要读研，因为它意味着知识的增长、境界的提升和思维的成熟。但同样也该意识到，考研的内驱力应该是提升自己、实现自我，只有这样才能学有所成。要遵从自己的内心，综合自己的能力、资源，选择一条适合自己的路。程璐告诉记者，就她接触的绝大多数考研人而言，都是抱着学生思维，潜意识认为考研是第二次高考，尤其是在某些机构的助推之下，盲目考研风气越发盛行。须知，考研绝非是提高自身的唯一途径，也并不是每位学生的必经之路，没有必要去妖魔化，更不需要神圣化。因此，在决定考研之前，一定要对自己的学习能力和风险承受能力做出客观评估，否则在备考过程中往往会出现迷茫无助，无所适从的情况。程璐建议，有考研意向的学生，最好先对初试科目、专业课参考书和最近三年的分数线、报录比做初步了解。再根据本科水平、平时成绩、自身心态做大致判断。对这些方面的信息进行完善收集，并仔细分析后，再决定自己是否适合考研。若单单抱着“只许成功，不许失败”的莽撞心态，一旦失败不可避免时，很可能会变得更加迷惘。甚至执意去选择二战、三战，直至成为麻木的学习机器，以此欺骗、麻痹自我，虚度光阴。此外，程璐提醒应届考生，想要冲击名校，冲击热门专业，虽并无不妥，只是一定要把握好自己的定位、需求、成本和风险承受能力，切忌不可主观臆断，凭空想象。三本逆袭985、三个月考上清北的故事确实振奋人心，然而只有胜利者才会高歌，失败者只会沉默，幸存者偏差是考研圈普遍存在的问题。尤其是名校的热门专业，以近几年趋势看，考研的竞争已至白热化，容错率越来越低，大小年基本绝迹，想单纯地通过努力实现跨越式套利，基本很难实现。很多事情不是看到希望了才努力，而是努力了才看得到希望。决定考研后，便是高效备考阶段。在此期间，如何突破所遇瓶颈，规划备考节奏，尤为关键。2018年，庞宇如愿考上了研究生，提及过往经历，他表示，考研虽然很难，但也远没有到头悬梁、锥刺股的夸张程度。如果能提前1年做准备，且能做到日均有效学习6个小时左右，脚踏实地按部就班认真复习，完全够用。至于考研最困难的环节，庞宇认为是持之以恒，“自己备考时，仅是维持学习节奏不变，就已是竭尽全力。考研不同于高考，不会有来自旁人的督促，完全要靠个人的自制力，如果能坚持到初试结束，那么（考研）至少成功了一半。”（本文图片来自互联网，若涉及版权问题请联系本公众号编辑。）中国产经新闻经济成功人士的标志读物新闻拼盘 品味中国News Collection, Experience & Taste China.订阅：cien_offical微博：@中国产经新闻投稿：cien2015@163.com讲述，你在产经一线的故事

考研英语真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.1.[A]by way of [B]on behalf of [C]as well as [D]with regard to2. [A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on3. [A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone4. [A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example5. [A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless6. [A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through7. [A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so8. [A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving11. [A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union12. [A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for14. [A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed16. [A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed18. [A]withdrawn [B]invested [C]donated [D]divided19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears20. [A]so that [B]while [C]once [D]in thatSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion instry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death—as some have done. It tells the fashion instry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their indivial worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep—and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion instry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion instry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion instry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular instry.21.According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.[B] New runways would be constructed.[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.[D] The fashion instry would decline.22.The phrase “impinging on” (Line 2,Para 2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of.[B] indicating the state of.[C] losing faith in.[D] doing harm to.23.Which of the following is true of the fashion instry?[A] The French measures have already failed.[B] New standards are being set in Denmark.[C] Model are no longer under peer pressure.[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting a high age threshold for models.[B] caring too much about models’ character.[C] showing little concern for health factors.[D] pursuing perfect physical conditions.25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?[A] The Great Threats to the Fashion Instry.[B] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.[C] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.[D] A Challenge to the Fashion Instry’s Body Ideals.Text 2For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.” Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Consecutive parties.The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London are alone, with no intrusion on green bet. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative—the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS.[C] is fully backed by the royal family.[D] is not well reflected in politics.27.According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now be[A] graally destroyed.[B] effectively reinforced.[C] largely overshadowed.[D] properly protected.28.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.[D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.29.The author holds that George Osborne’s preference[A] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.[C] stresses the necessity f easing the housing crisis.[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.30.In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain.[B] the political life in today’s Britain.[C] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.[D] the town-and-country planning in Britain.Text 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses,” Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit”. But even if you accept Firedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggest the CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s procts are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s procts as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps.And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s procts as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for briding foreign officials,” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A] tolerance[B] skepticism[C] uncertainty[D] approval32.According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A] winning trust from consumers.[B] guarding it against malpractices.[C] protecting it from being defamed.[D] raising the quality of its procts.33. The expression “more lenient” (Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to[A] more effective[B] less controversial[C] less severe[D] more lasting34.When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A] has an impact on their decision.[B] comes across as reliable evidence.[C] increases the chance of being penalized.[D] constitutes part of the investigation.35.Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?[A] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked.[B] The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.[C] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.[D] It has brought much benefit to the banking instry.Text 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Timesceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future，”the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside，there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper-printing presses, delivery trucks—isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Timesshould’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as a blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times?“I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said. “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy proct.”The most loyal customers would still get the proct they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to make a print proct, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Timesis doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year—more than twice as mush as a digital-only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly e[A] the high cost of operation.[B] the pressure from its investors.[C] the complaints from its readers.[D] the increasing online ad sales.37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should[A] seek new sources of readership.[B] end the print edition for good.[C] aim for efficient management.[D] make strategic adjustments.38.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy proct”[A] helps restore the glory of former times.[B] is meant for the most loyal customers.[C] will have the cost of printing reced.[D] expands the popularity of the paper.39.Peretti believes that, in a changing world.[A] legacy businesses are becoming outdated.[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges.[D] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once[B] Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand[C] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good[D] Keep Your Newspapers Forever in FashionPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the A-G for each of the numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] Create a new image of yourself[B] Have confidence in yourself[C] Decide if the time is right[D] Understood the context[E] Work with professionals[F] Make it efficient[G] Know your goalsNo matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and like ability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader, Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful ring transitions-- when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues, and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have . Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What convey status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to rece decision fatigue . Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46)We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition of exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us, (47)Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem—confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives—the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a from of innate or unlearned optimism. (48)Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness of they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice. We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50)As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.Section III WritingDirections:Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题答案详解（完整版）Section I Use of English1、【答案】B as well as【解析】根据空格所在句子的内容可以判断，"择偶涉及男方的亲朋好友，_____女方的亲朋好友"显然前后是并列关系，选项中只有B选项as well as 表示并列关系。其他选项意思与原文内容不符。2、【答案】D decide on【解析】根据选项得知空格处需要填谓语动词，空格后面的宾语是"…配偶"，所以根据动宾搭配的原则，D选项 decide on可以与后面的宾语，构成通顺语义：选择配偶。所以D项正确。3、【答案】C arrange【解析】此题考查的仍是动宾搭配，空格处后面的内容the marriage negotiation，只能与选项C arrange构成通顺语义，"安排…磋商"，故选C。4、【答案】A In theory【解析】根据空格后面的内容，得知女孩可能会否定她的父母为其所选的配偶；句中的may 表示的是一种可能性。所以，与原文句子内容表达一致的，只有A选项 in theory。5、【答案】C after【解析】空格处所在的句子是现在完成时，逗号后面的内容是一般现在时，所以根据时态判断，前后内容存在时间上的先后性，所以C选项after正确。6、【答案】A into【解析】原文：each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying _______ a good family. 每个家庭调查另一个家庭，确保孩子娶或嫁到一个好家庭。此处需要填入一个介词，嫁入另一个家庭，介词选择into最合适。故选A。7、【答案】C but【解析】若要判断此空的答案，需要看到前后文的具体含义和逻辑关系。空格上半句说：原来传统婚礼持续三天，后半句说：到20世纪80年代婚礼通常持续1天半，显然前后文形成了对比，故选C。8、【答案】C recite【解析】原文：Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and______ prayers of blessing.佛教神职人员提供一个简短的布道和__________祈祷祝福。四个选项中只有recite prayers为其固定搭配，意为"诵经"。故选C。9、【答案】D tying【解析】原文：________ cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, 把浸泡在圣水中的棉线______在新娘和新郎的手腕。A folding 折叠； B piling 堆积；C wrapping 包裹；以上三项均不符合文意，故选D项tying，绑，系。10、【答案】B passing【解析】原文： around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the union.在一圈婚姻幸福美满和德高望重的情侣中_________一根蜡烛来祝福他们。根据语境，A lighting，点亮，C hiding隐藏，D serving 服务;均不合适，只能选B passing 传递。故选B。11、【答案】D union【解析】该句讲到：围坐在新婚夫妇身边祝福他们的____. 根据语境可知应填入团聚的含义，四个选项中union可以表示团聚之意， 为正确答案meeting会议、会面，association联合、联盟，collection收集、集合，均不符合语境。12、【答案】 D live【解析】该句意思是：传统意义上讲新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，并和他们______长达一年之久。前文讲到新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，后文应保持一致性，"和他们生活在一起"故为答案live (with) 与……生活在一起，grow成长，part (with)表分离，反向干扰，deal (with) 处理、应对，不符合题意，故live为正确答案13、【答案】 B until【解析】该句意思是：新婚夫妇搬去新娘的父母家，并和他们______长达一年之久，______他们能够在附近建造新房。空格需要填入逻辑连接词，前后为时间先后关系，故代入until，语义合理，"直到他们造新房之前都住在新娘父母家"。前后文无转折，可排除whereas然而。for表原因，if表条件，代入均不合理。因此答案为until。14、【答案】 A obtain【解析】该句意思是：离婚是合法的并容易______，但并不普遍。填入词应与legal感情色彩一致，故排除avoid（避免）及challenge（挑战，质疑），而follow（跟随）一词通常不与divorce搭配。选项obtain代入语境中，obtain a divorce可以表示获得离婚，搭配合理，语义通顺，为正确答案。15、【答案】C viewed【解析】该句意思是：人们______离婚的人是反对的。此处需填入动作，isolated隔离，persuaded劝说，viewed看待、视为，exposed暴露、揭露。代入文中viewed是最合理的，人们看待离婚的人持反对态度的。因此答案为viewed。16、【答案】D whatever【解析】此处空前有动词retain， 因此需要填入一个连词引导宾语从句， 并且与property搭配，共同充当从句中的宾语。因此排除A选项wherever"无论何地"和C选项whenever"无论何时"。B 选项"however"，作"但是"解，与句意不服， 作"无论多么"理解， 后面常跟形容词，而非名词。 而whatever 与property搭配，可以充当宾语从句的宾语，表示"一切财产"，因此选项D为正确答案。17、【答案】B brought【解析】此处需要填入一个动词，能和property 形成动宾搭配。A选项changed意为"改变"， B选项brought意为"带来"，C选项shaped意为"形成"，D选项pushed意为"推搡"。因此符合文意，能够和财产搭配的只能是选项B。18、【答案】A divided【解析】空格处是一个被动语态， 此处仍然需要填入一个与jointly-acquired property（共同获得的财产）形成动宾搭配的动词。A 选项divided"分割"，不B选项invested"投资"，C选项donated"捐赠"，D选项withdrawn"取钱；撤走资金"，均能和jointly-acquired property构成动宾搭配，但是此处的情境是讨论离婚时的行为， 因此A选项为正确选项。19、【答案】C shows【解析】此处考察固定词组。 A选项clear up意为"（天空）放晴；治疗；处理；解释"，B选项warm up意为"使变热；（使）更活跃"，C选项show up意为"显现，出现"，D选项break up意为"结束；使破碎"。后文提到离婚后，男士可以立即重婚， 而女士必须要等十个月，可知符合文意，并且能够和"性别歧视"搭配的只能是选项C。20、【答案】A while【解析】此处考察上下文的逻辑关系。上文指出，离婚男士在他再婚前没有一个等候期，空格后提到"女性必须要等待10个月"，显然，这二者之间不是因果关系，因此排除B选项 so that"所以"和D选项in that"因为"，也不是C选项once"一旦"所表达的条件关系，因此正确答案为A选项。Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 121、【答案】[A] physical beauty would be redefined【解析】推断题。根据题干first paragraph定位第一段，其中第一句France ,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion instry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman.以作为全球时尚创新者为荣的法国承认已经失去定义女性形体美的绝对权利，说明法国以前制定的形体美的标准已不再适用，现在需要做出改变，故A选项为正确答案。22、【答案】[D] doing harm to【解析】词义题。根据题干关键词"impinging on"(line2, para2)，定位到第二段的第二句"They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health."（他们认为美女不应该以…健康的外表来界定）。该句承接本段第一句"Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives."其中，Such measures指代的正是第一段中阐述的"雇佣过瘦(excessive thinness)的模特会犯罪的法律规定"，且excessive一词表明了情感色彩是贬义的。因此，推断出impinging on对health是"有害的、不利的"，故选[D] doing harm to。23、【答案】[B] New standards are being set in Danmark【解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位在原文第五段。由该段第二句可知，丹麦等国正在制定模特的标准。与选项[B]丹麦正在制定新的标准相符合，故正确。24、【答案】[C] showing little concern for health factors【解析】推理题。题干问的是"设计师似乎被CFW拒绝的原因"。根据题干关键词，回文定位到倒数第二段，其中指出"…enforcement is to deny access for designers…"，意思是"法案拒绝设计师进入CFW，它是由丹麦时装学院创办的。"，再根据该段前两句可知，丹麦时尚界同意关于模特的年纪，健康以及其他特点的法规和制裁，也就是说，丹麦时装学院不再只关注身材，也关注健康。而设计师一般都是以瘦为美，而忽视健康。综上所述，设计师被拒绝的原因是不考虑健康因素，故选[C] showing little concern for health factors。25、【答案】[A] A challenge to the Fashion Instry's Body Ideals【解析】主旨题。首段指出法律要求时尚界不能用过瘦的模特，接下来的段落重点说明时尚界的模特同时还需考虑年纪，健康以及其他方面的因素等。因此这篇文章的中心是围绕对时尚界理想体型观点的挑战，故[A] A challenge to the Fashion Instry's Body Ideals正确。Text 226、【答案】A is not reflected in politics【解析】事实细节题。根据题干"英国大众对于乡村的观点"，可定位于文章的第一段。从文章第一段的后半段能得出：英国人民在民意调查中将"乡村"和王室、莎士比亚以及英国国民保健制度并列选为英国让他们最为自豪的四个方面，但是这种观点得到的政治支持却极为有限。A选项"is not well reflected in politics"在政治中没有得到很好的体现是对原文意思的同义替换，故选A。27、【答案】D graally destroyed【解析】事实细节题。根据题干很明确能回文定位到文章第二段。该段通过第一句的"a century ago"和后面的"later"可知是在做古今对比。题干中问的是"now"，所以重点锁定在对比中的后半部分，而这部分中"They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it."一句表明现在的National Trust已背离了它原始的初衷，它之前的那些成就已经消失了。D选项 graally destroyed正是对这一意思的表述，故选D。28、【答案】C Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation【解析】推理判断题。回文定位到第三段，该段主要讲了各大党派对于这个观点（及第一段中提到的观点）的态度：基本都不赞同。最后一部分"only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pledging for a considered approach to using green land"该句说明只有Ukip这个党派是赞同这个观点，要保护乡村的。C选项正是对原文的同义置换，故选C。29、【答案】D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas【解析】本题属于观点态度题，根据George Osborne 可以定位到文中第五段。文中提到George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. 后面一句还提到He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. 通过这两句话可以看出GO是比较喜欢rural的，而通过两个against 则可以看出对urban areas的prejudice. 故选择D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30、【答案】C the town-and-country planning Britain【解析】本题属于观点态度题，根据最后一段第一句话可以确定本段的中心是第一句Development should be planned, not let trip, 说明发展是要有计划的，不能任其自由发展。然后再具体讲Britain经过半个世纪the town-and-country planning有计划的发展，取得了很好的成效。故选择C the town-and-country planning Britain.Text 331、【答案】A uncertainty【解析】态度题。根据题干中的关键词Milton Friedman, CSR 可以定位到第一段开头处，米尔顿·弗里德曼认为："企业有且只有一种责任，为增加利润而运用资源，开展活动"。紧接着文章转折并提出"things may not be absolutely clear-cut". 情况并不明确。由此推知，作者对此的态度是uncertainty. A选项是clear-cut的同意置换。选项B skepticism怀疑和选项C. tolerance宽容，都无从得知，选项D. approval 支持，属反项干扰，故答案选A.32、【答案】D. winning trust from consumers.【解析】细节题。根据第二段，以及题干中的关键词CSR，定位文章二段内容，公司花大笔资金在CSR上面，其结果就是"this could add value to their business in three ways", "以三种方式分别给公司带来价值"。紧接着文章分别阐述三种方式，得出正确答案为D. CSR是通过赢得顾客的信任从而帮助公司获益。33、【答案】D less severe【解析】词义题。根据题干回文定位到第四段第一句。通过该段第二句的描述可以得知CSR和政治影响是对立的两个因素。而第二句冒号后面交代，参与政治活动较多的公司不会受到较低的罚款。这就意味着，反而具有全面的CSR项目的公司受到的罚款比较低。因此，结合选项可以推出第一句话中的more lenient penalties指less severe，即不那么严重的（宽大）的惩罚。因此正确答案为D。34、【答案】B has an impact on their decision【解析】细节题。根据题干中的prosecutors evaluate a case回文定位到第五段第二句。该句指出虽然检察官在评估一个案件时，应该基于其功绩，实际上还是受到了公司CSR记录的影响。故正确答案为选项B。题干中的a company's CSR record是原文信息的复现，选项中的has an impact是原文be influenced的同义替换，their decision具体指检察官的评估决定。35、【答案】A The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown【解析】细节题。根据题干回文定位到最后一段。该段首句指出，研究者们承认他们的研究没有解决的问题是：针对CSR各大企业到底该支出多少费用。故正确答案为选项A，其中the necessary amount of companies spending on it（it指代CRS）是原文how much businesses ought to spend on CRS的同义替换，表达的核心都是"公司到底该支出多少费用"；unknown对应原文中的does not answer the question，对这个问题并没有做出回答。Text 436、【答案】[D] the high cost of operation【解析】从题干提取关键词ending和e to 定位到第二段主题句中的 incentive to ditch the print (放弃印刷的原因)。随后解释了infrastructure isn't just expensive （设备不仅仅是昂贵）。此外，该段还对比对手电子图书：don't have the same set of financial constraints（经济限制）。因此可以确定答案D： the high cost of operation 高昂的运营费用。选项A. The increasing online ad sales网络广告收入日益增加。该选项与该段 "And though print ad sales continue to dwarf their online and mobile counterparts"相违背。选项B. the pressure from its investors来自投资者的压力。该选项属于无中生有；选项C. the complaints from its readers读者的抱怨。同样是无中生有选项。37、【答案】[A] make strategic adjustments【解析】首先根据Peretti suggests定位到阐述Peretti观点的第四段第一句：Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.可以确定答案A. make strategic adjustments进行战略调整。选项B. end the print edition for good永远结束印刷版本。该选项和shouldn't不符。选项C. seek new sources of readership挖掘更多读者。文章中未提到。选项D. aim for efficient management提高管理效率。文章中未提到。38、【答案】[B] is meant for the most loyal customers【解析】本题答案定位到第6段第1句"The most loyal customers would still get the proct they favor"以及"make it for the people who are already obsessed with it"。其他选项"会降低报纸成本""有助于恢复报纸以前的辉煌""有助于报纸的流行和普及"这些信息文中均未提及。39、【答案】[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges【解析】根据题干中的"in a changing world"定位到文章最后一段最后一句. 原文说当市场和世界形势发生变化时，我们所做的事情就毫无意义了。在这种情形下，"more aggressive（积极进取）is better", 和答案中的关键信息"aggressiveness better"相呼应。其他选项意思原文中均未提及。40、【答案】[D] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good【解析】本文主要是讲述报纸行业为防止被淘汰的而需要做出的应对之策。根据文中第5段最后一句的"raise prices, and make it into more of a legacy proct"以及第6段中"increase it at a higher rate each year..."可得知，应该不应该立即取消或淘汰报纸行业，而应该把它变成一种更像文化遗产的一种产品，并且要不断提高报纸的价格，变成一种奢侈品。Part B41、【答案】B （Decide if the time is right）【解析】该段中出现了表示时间的词汇和短语：ring transitions; in a period of , time。在不同的时间段，作者给出了不同的策略。浏览小标题发现，只有选项B出现了表示时间的词汇。再次回看原文，本段第二句中的good与小标题中的right也恰好对应，因此确定正确答案为B选项。42、【答案】G （Know your goals）【解析】该段首句提到"弄清楚你希望达到的效果"，然后以问句形式提出段落主题，接着分两个方面来阐述：目标不同，要求不同。本段第一句话中的"get clear"与小标题中的"know"属于同义表达，并且本段第三句话中the goal 与小标题中的goal完全对应，因此正确答案为G选项。43、【答案】D （Understand the context）【解析】该段第一句话提到"要像人类学家一样来考虑你的工作环境"，接着给出了几个排比的问句，都是针对工作环境的具体细节的发问。最重要的是在结尾部分，作者总结评论道，"The better you …, the more control you …"，意为"对文化背景理解得越好，对自己的影响力就有越好的控制"。很明显，这句话凸显了context的重要性，而且出现了关键词的复现understand和context。因此，答案选D选项。44、【答案】E （Work with professionals）【解析】本段按照总分的形式安排，并且在首句给出两处关键词professionals 和 share with，即"支持专家的意见，并且与其分享个人的目标"。下文是举例论述，例如去找私人造型师而不是理发师等。紧接着下文就给出 "work with a professional photographer"让专业人士拍照片而不是自己的朋友或者是配偶。因此可以得出结论本段是围绕专业人士professionals 的重要性来展开的。故选择 Work with professionals.45、【答案】F （Make it efficient）【解析】该段落主题句出现在转折之后，即"Instead, use it as an opportunity to rece decision fatigue."，其中it指代上一句中style upgrade。通过前后两句话对比指出目的是利用style upgrade作为机会来rece decision fatigue（减少决定疲乏），从而来提高办事效率。后两句话作为论据进一步论证这一观点，因此答案选F选项。Section III Translation46、【题目考点】宾语从句，被动语态【句子结构】分号连接两个句子：第一个句子主干为we don't have to learn，how引导宾语从句作learn的宾语，其中how表示方式；第二个句子主干为it is built into us，其中代词it指代前句提及的mental health；in the same way表示方式，that引导定语从句，其中又嵌套了how引导的宾语从句，作know的宾语。【重点词汇】build sth. into sth.：使成为……的组成部分；heal：治愈；mend：修理，痊愈，愈合。【参考译文】我们不必一定去学习如何做到心理健康，这种能力植根于我们自身，就像我们的身体知道如何愈合伤口，如何修复断骨。47、【题目考点】被动语态，并列结构【句子结构】分号连接两个句子：第一个句子为主谓结构的简单句；第二个句子为but连接的两个并列分句，表达转折关系，主干为it can be hidden, but it is capable of being restored，其中介词短语like the sun behind a cloud表示比喻。【重点词汇】temporarily：暂时地；hide：隐藏，藏匿；be capable of：能够；restore：复原，恢复；in an instant：立刻，立即。【参考译文】心理健康不会去往他方。如同乌云可能蔽日，心理健康可能会暂时隐藏于视线之外，但它完全可以在须臾之间复原如初。48、【题目考点】条件状语从句，并列结构，让步状语从句，介词短语【句子结构】本句主干为：mental health allows us to view others…，三个并列的介词短语with..表示伴随。其中分别嵌套了if引导的两个条件状语从句和no matter who引导的让步状语从句。【重点词汇】sympathy：同情；unconditional：无条件的，绝对的，无限制的。【参考译文】心理健康使我们在他人陷入危难之时给予同情，痛苦不已时给予善意，无论对谁，都能给予无条件的爱。49、【题目考点】让步状语从句，原因状语从句，宾语从句【句子结构】 句子主干是it is perfectly ordinary。it指代前文提及的mental health；although引导让步状语从句，其主干为mental health is the cure-all。as引导原因状语从句，其主干为you will see；that引导从句做see的宾语，其主干为it has been there to direct you【重点词汇】cure-all：合成名词，万灵药；perfectly：完全地，指程度；see：领会，理解。【参考译文】尽管心理健康是人们度过一生的一剂万能良药，但它又普通不已，因为当你需要做出艰难决定时，都可感受到它的存在。50、【题目考点】非限定性定语从句，动名词结构，宾语从句【句子结构】句子主干是knowing that…and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily。两个动名词结构knowing…并列作主句的主语，其中that引导的宾语从句作knowing的宾语。句首的as引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，翻译时可以处理为"就像…，正如…"。【重点词汇】available：可获得的，可用的。【参考译文】就像你会渐渐明白，深悉心理健康一直触手可得并且值得信任，使我们能放慢生活脚步，活在当下，幸福生活。Section IV Writing51、【参考范文】NoticeFor better serving the international students, a notice is released here to provide the necessary information about the library.The university library opens at 8 a.m. and closes at 10 p.m. from Monday to Friday, but from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekends. If you need to borrow books, please follow the following steps. First, bring your student card and register first at the librarian's office. At most six books can be borrowed once from the library. You should keep in mind the days that you can keep the book(s) you borrow. Three months is the longest period. If you exceed the limited time, some fines should be paid.If you have any questions or suggestions about borrowing or returning books, telephone 010-8248119 or send an email to university@163.com. We sincerely hope you all enjoy the study and life in our university.University LibraryDecember 26, 201552、【参考范文】The above two pictures reveal two father's different teaching methods. In the first picture, the father is urging his son to study hard while he is smoking and watching TV idly. In the second picture, the father and his son are both concentrating on the study. The caption under the cartoon reads: "It is better to set an example than to make demands".Apparently, the author of the cartoon focuses on a fact that many parents when ecating their children tend to neglect the impact of their own acts upon their children. It is without any doubt that all parents hope that their children could have a bright future. Therefore, they tend to count on schools and the society to provide their kids with a good ecation. However, what they don't realize is that parents are the first teachers of children. Parents failing to set a role model for their children will only result in an unhealthy family atmosphere, which is definitely harmful to the future development of their children.From my perspective, ecation from parents is of vital importance to a child's healthy growth. Therefore, parents should provide their children with a favorable growing environment by being a positive role model. Only through persistent efforts and proper guidance can children enjoy a bright future.

中国青年网北京12月23日电(记者 李永鹏 实习生 王雅倩)23日，有网友爆料，称报考山东师范大学考场的学生在进行《外语教学理论基础》(908)考试时接到的并非是试卷，而是“考研答案”。23日晚，该校老师告诉中国青年网记者，确实是学校工作出现失误，报考相关专业的所有同学都受到了影响。目前，校方正挨个联系需要重新进行考试的考生。23日下午，有网友反映，称山东师范大学考场的同学在进行《外语教学理论基础》(908)的考试时，将答案错当试卷发给了考生，学校给出补考方案，承诺报销一切费用。图片来源于网络一份盖有山东师范大学研究生院的“补考公告”(以下简称“公告”)显示：12月23日下午，我校2019年硕士研究生招生考试自命题科目《外语教学理论基础》(科目代码908)由于工作严重失误，试题印刷封装错误，致使考试无法正常进行。在此，我们真诚向考生道歉，并将认真调整、严肃追究相关责任人的责任。公告称，为尽快弥补损失，确保把考生损失降至最低，根据国家研究生招生相关规定，经学校研究生招生办公室领导小组研究，决定对该科目进行补考。现将有关意见通知如下：(一)补考时间、地点。将由学校工作人员通过电话、短信、邮件等方式与考生联系，请考生保持通讯畅通。(二)学校为参加补考的考生报销城市间往返交通费、住宿费及餐费、尽最大努力协助考生解决由此而造成的困难。(三)补考按照2019年全国硕士研究生考试有关规定执行，相关考生均需参加本次补考，成绩以本次补考为准。23日下午，中国青年网记者联系上了一位报考山东师范大学的考生，该考生告诉记者，自己身后的考生就是因为试卷“出了问题”而没有作答。该考生称，当时考场内有三名监考老师，卷子发下来后没多久，身后的考生便向监考老师反映发到手的并非是试卷而是答案。“当时就听到身后的人反映拿到的是答案，老师不信，直到学生说考题要求翻译中文，可到手的就是中文。”考生告诉记者，随后老师向巡考老师进行反映，负责巡考的老师赶到考场后又通过电话逐级向上反映。“我轻微受到了些影响，因为老师会安慰考生，在自己需要集中注意力答卷时，老师们频繁的往返又会让我感到好奇。”该考生表示，最开始以为这哪个环节出了错误，直到看到微博后才知道许多考生都面临同样的问题。记者辗转联系到一位同样报考山东师范但此次考试受到影响的考生，但该考生表示，目前心情较差，暂不便接受采访。23日晚，山东师范大学研究生招生办公室一工作人员告诉记者，因为工作出现失误，凡是报考山东师范大学“外语教学理论基础”专业课的考生都受到了影响。“今天下午的考试出了点问题，相关科目的考试需要重新安排。”工作人员表示，因为工作上的失误，现在校方正在挨个给每个考生打电话，并向考生表示歉意。爆料请拨打中国青年网新闻采编中心热线010-56937112、010-57380667或发送至邮箱news@youth.cn、qwxwzx@163.com。倾听青年心声，关注青年权益，我们24小时在线。更多新闻内容请关注@中青网新闻中心新浪官方微博。来源：中国青年网

/ 用心耕田 水到渠成 /“赋能”“矩阵式打法”“拉齐团队水位”“你的抓手在哪里”……嗯，字我都认识，但连在一起，我怎么就看不懂了呢？哈哈哈~大家的脑海里，是不是浮现出了一句话——什么玩意儿？“互联网公司不讲人话”？4月2日，“人物”公众号发表了一则《互联网大厂的黑话困局》的报道，描述了目前许多互联网公司中存在的“行业黑话”现象，并从相关案例分析中指出了这些黑话给“职场新鸟”带来的诸多困扰。比如，文章中提到一名刚入职某家广告公司的陈姓员工，碰到了一位互联网公司的客户，这名客户提出的要求是要打造“全场景体验”。陈姓员工并不懂这是什么意思，经过才明白，就是需要把公司的标志ps在不一样的图片上。当陈姓员工完成时，客户又反映产品“不够增强现实”，而背后的意思就是需要将2D形象给3D化。事后，陈姓员工声称“互联网公司不讲人话”。行业黑话的存在让很多职场新人苦恼不已，为什么几句话就能交代明白的事情，就非得弄得看似“高大上”且让人不知所云呢？（加粗部分是“黑话”的精髓！）这样的职场暗号究竟有没有存在的必要？接下来就让小田心从新传专业的角度带大家一起对这个现象进行分析吧~互联网公司黑话到底是什么？学术界对“黑话”的定义一直颇有争论，有学者认为，黑话是指对社会造成危害的群体或者是黑社会组织中所使用的一种隐语，常与犯罪等行为相关联。但在互联网不断发展的情境下，“火星文”等语言模式的出现进一步丰富了黑话的内涵。因此黑话现在也被视作社会组织或团体中使用的不为外人所知的特殊词汇，并不带有褒贬色彩。而出现在互联网大厂中的黑话，本质上其实就是存在于这类企业中不被外人所理解的行业隐语。互联网企业利用自身话语特权，在行业内部生产了一套独立的话语体系，并以此来开展相关的信息传播活动。所以当外界人士或职场新人试图进入这套话语体系时，难免会产生疑惑和不适应的感觉。黑话源于何处？黑话的出现与互联网亚文化背景息息相关，可以算是亚文化发展的一种体现。互联网黑话根植于网络平台的独立语言体系，是互联网用户对现实生活中主流文化的一种抵制与对抗。此外，黑话的流行也反映出日常生活中青年群体的孤寂感与社交需求，“扩列”“连麦”等黑话的出现便是青年群体意图构建独立话语空间开展社交行为的体现。在互联网大厂中，行业黑话因为工作交流需要等原因而被创造出来，但同时也体现出新兴的互联网行业意图生产一套独立的话语体系，与传统商业话语体系进行对抗，企图“争夺”商业传播话语权。黑话的特性黑话的使用具有明显的排他性特征，即不同的行业或者群体有着属于自己的黑话体系，某个词语或者句子的黑话运用只有在固定的圈层中才能获得意义解读。当专属于某个群体的黑话脱离了交流的语境时，便很难解读出它所指代的含义。例如互联网大厂中提到的“颗粒度”一词，在行业中的意思是方案设计的精细程度，“你的作品颗粒度不细”就表明这个作品完成得还不够精细。但如果跳出互联网大厂来谈“颗粒度”，其指代的反而是另外一种意思了。此外，黑话还具有反抗性的特征。网络黑话的出现其实是一种典型的青年亚文化现象，是互联网用户对抗现实语境的一种实践。例如互联网中的很多拼音缩写，诸如 “yyds”（永远的神）“kswl”（磕死我了）等等，其中也有用拼音缩写替代某些辱骂性质等负面话语的现象，就是为了防止平台删除或是被长辈所知晓。黑话兴盛有何利弊？一方面，网络黑话的出现为不同的群体设置了话语区隔，对于隐私边界的守护具有一定的作用，以防止其他文化或者群体的“入侵”。比如青少年为了防止父母对自身隐私的过分干涉，在与其他同龄人交流时往往会使用bkx（不开心）等类型的缩写。此外，在互联网大厂的黑话被创造之初，也存在一定的提升传播效率的作用，例如“赋能”对“赋予能量”的缩用便是一个正向的案例。另一方面，黑话的滥用会造成信息解读的困难，对于刚刚加入这个群体的个人而言，学习行业黑话便是一项困难的任务，在黑话的“涵化”作用下，甚至会造成人的异化问题。同时，黑话的大量使用会进一步加剧圈层固化，甚至会给代际交流造成困难。写在最后除了以上四个方面，大家还可以从符号（能指与所指、功能）、仪式传播、话语的编码译码等角度进行思考。此外，黑话也可以被视作语言体系的一种异化，如何防止黑话在行业内部带来的“内卷”，也是需要大家去思考的问题。同时，作为互联网主力军的我们，在进行网络狂欢和对主流文化解构的过程中，也应当保持一份理智的思考，不要过度滥用和误用相关行业术语哦~参考文献：[1]倪璐瑶. 00后网络“黑话”传播机制研究[D].华南理工大学,2020.[2]《互联网大厂的黑话困局》，“人物”公众号如何投稿？如果你正在攻读新闻传播相关专业的硕士、博士学位，你对当下学界、业界、社会热点也有自己的看法和分析，也可以参与小田心的投稿活动哦~ 如被选用，小田心将根据稿件质量支付一定的稿酬~投稿邮箱：tianxin_kaoyan@163.com/ 祝好 /以上图片来自网络 侵删

考研人数创历史新高，最近迎来消息：扩招。2月25日，国务院常务会议推出鼓励吸纳高校毕业生就业的多项措施，其中“扩大今年硕士研究生招生规模”引发广泛关注。会议指出，当前要更加注重稳就业特别是高校毕业生等重点群体就业。2020年有341万考研生、874万应届毕业生，如何分流显得尤为重要。减压的同时，教育专家指出，高校扩大研究生招生规模，是实打实要降低招生标准的，这就给研究生培养质量保障带来挑战。扩招事实上，近年来研究生招生规模持续增加。根据已披露的2016、2017、2018全国教育事业发展统计公报，那三年的研究生招生人数分别为66.71万人、80.61万人、85.80万人，增幅分别为20.84%、6.44%。扩招意味着录取名额更多，那么会扩招多少呢？目前全国范围内还没有明确的扩招细则，不过在此之前，曾有重庆、湖南两地露出扩招端倪。重庆市在下达的相关文件中表明：“2020年国家拟适度扩大硕士研究生招生计划总规模。”湖南省发布的文件中则更加明确：“向教育部争取支持，扩大研究生招生规模，2020年增招5%。”2月14日，民盟中央根据盟员专家建言，起草了《关于适度扩招研究生，以缓解疫情带来的大学生就业压力的建议》，建议将2020年招生计划数调整为110万人，同比增幅调整为18.9%。2月28日，国务院联防联控机制举行新闻发布会，教育部副部长翁铁慧表示，今年将扩大硕士研究生招生，预计同比增加18.9万人。虽然研究生在扩招，不过在学研究生数量仍有增量空间。教育部、国务院学位委员会2017年印发《学位与研究生教育发展“十三五”规划》，提出保持研究生培养规模适度增长，到2020年在学研究生总规模达到290万人。根据2018年全国教育事业发展统计公报数据，2018年在校研究生为273万人。另外，若与美国高校的在学研究生相比，我国研究生数量并不算多。根据美国国家教育数据中心的统计，2019年美国约有1690万名在读大学生，300万在读研究生，研究生和大学生的比值约为18:100。再看下2018年全国教育事业发展统计公报数据，在学研究生有273万人，普通本专科在校生2831万人，研究生和大学生的比值约为9.6:100。减压研究生扩招，缓解了疫情影响下的就业压力。2月25日召开的国务院常务会议指出，统筹推进疫情防控和经济社会发展，强化“六稳”举措。当前要更加注重稳就业特别是高校毕业生、农民工等重点群体就业。湖南省增加的5%研究生招生计划，即来自2月22日湖南省相关部门联合印发的《应对新冠肺炎疫情做好高校毕业生就业创业工作十条措施》。新东方教育科技集团助理副总裁周雷谈到，今年的疫情暴发可能会对应届本科生和专科生在就业上有短暂冲击，扩招是稳就业的处理措施之一。2月12日，教育部公布2020年应届高校毕业生874万，比去年增加40万，同比增长4.8%。三月和四月是企业集中面向高校应届毕业生招聘的黄金时期，受肺炎疫情影响，各高校延期开学，原计划的春招工作也不可避免地受到波及。2月5日，人力资源社会保障部、教育部、财政部、交通运输部、国家卫生健康委就印发通知，要求暂停各类高校毕业生就业现场招聘活动。疫情增加了874万应届毕业生就业的不确定性，不过受此影响的还有341万考研生。受疫情影响，考研招录工作也相继进入“不确定”状态。况且，大多数人还是得面对考研失败的终局。根据历年全国考研报考人数与录取人数统计，每年的报录比大致在3:1，即每3个报考研究生的人当中只有1人能被录取。大多数考研失利的人，依然要和应届生一起，加入到浩荡的就业大军，上演“最难就业季”。疑虑扩大研究生招生规模，以升学来暂时缓解就业困境，这能够解决长远的就业难问题吗？毕竟，大多数考研的人并非有志于学术研究，考研到底值不值，约等于三年后能否帮助我们找到一个更满意的工作。就业是考研的最主要动因，中国教育在线联合微博教育发布的《2018年全国研究生招生数据调查报告》指出。21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇认为，扩大研究生招生规模必须重视保障研究生培养质量，否则会导致研究生“身价”进一步贬值，也会影响研究生毕业时的就业前景。随着研究生招生规模扩大，也需要实行“宽进严出”教育。“从严”则需要进行严格的过程管理、过程评价，这就要求学校建立健全导师制，引导导师投入精力指导学生。不过，扩招带来的一个明显改变，就是导师面对学生人数的变化。21世纪教育研究院调查发现，一些高校和科研机构导师人均指导15名研究生，有16.8%的导师指导研究生不少于30人，远远无法企及美国高校2:1甚至1:1的生师比。与此同时，随着研究生扩招，高校教师作为指导硕士甚至博士的群体，自身的学位也要快速地硕士化博士化。根据教育部统计数据，中国大学教授共有163万人，其中只有40万人左右是博士学历。也就是说，75%以上都只有硕士及以下学历。长远来看，研究生扩招如何避免身价贬值？搭上这拨红利的同学们，不要有喘息一时的庆幸，而要抓住社会给予的机会，努力提升自我，文凭加上能力，未来相当可期。考研还是先就业，本身并不存在矛盾，而应该是为职业生涯添砖加瓦的深思熟虑。参考资料：问教丨研究生再扩招，如何避免“身价”贬值？2020年2月27日，腾讯教育研究生紧急扩招：考研市场能否顺利“接招”？2020年2月26日，多知网2月25日国家提出扩大硕士研究生招生和专升本规模，将带来哪些影响？知乎

小学生年仅11岁身高163，凭借“厌世脸”爆红网络，成为时尚新宠每个人都有追求美的权利，所以即使别人整容了，也并不能说明什么，只能说：爱美之心人皆有知。但是近几年有许多网红都长一样的脸，甚至一群人站在一起都分不清楚，或许是因为视觉疲劳了吧，所以现在不少人都不喜欢网红脸，更喜欢有辨识度的脸。所以现在又出了高级脸等等，今天八卦要给大家说的是“厌世脸”，她就是中岛sena。之前一位小模特凭借一张“厌世脸”在网络上面成功走红，而这个小模特只有11岁而已，说白了就是一名小学生。爆红网络的原因是因为她的脸太有特点，其实也就是大家所说的高冷。给人远离世俗，非常疏离的感情，这真的是自身带的一种气质，虽说看起来比较冷，但是大家却非常喜欢。其实这种气质能够走红也不意外，因为很多人是非常向往远离世俗的生活的，这也是《向往的生活》那么火的原因。不过单单只是气质是肯定不行的，长相也是非常重要的。而这为11岁的小学生，她就有那种冷艳的美，看了之后让人感觉非常舒服，其实大家都是的杜鹃、小松菜奈也正式因为这样一直都是时尚圈的宠儿。中岛sena，只有11岁，但是身高却已经达到了163，这身高简直就是天生做模特的料，再加上一张别具风情的脸，简直是时尚圈的宠儿啊。其实很多模特长得也并不是很好看的那种，但是她们各有各的特色，只要一出场就能够抓住大家的眼球，成为人群中的亮点。相对于现在那么多网红脸来说，你最喜欢哪一种呢？小学生年仅11岁身高163，凭借“厌世脸”爆红网络，成为时尚新宠。你怎么看呢？