2020考研数学660题

一个劲儿地刷题，再一个劲儿地挨着对答案，做多错多，心累得答案解析都看不下去……当意识到这样下去不仅效率极其低下并且还会影响备考心态时，就应该主动喊停了这种学习状态.刨根究底找出导致刷题效率不高的原因，制定出一份最适合自己且可行性还挺高的方法规划，试行过程中也不断做调整。660具体如何高效使用？660真的十分注重考查基础概念，在做题过程中也能不断熟练掌握定理公式和解题技巧，加深对知识框架的理解。书拿到手后别不切实际地为自己安排过大的题量，更切忌盲目刷题.下面根据题量→刷题步骤→刷题注意事项这样的顺序来一一介绍怎样才能高效使用660！★题量要随复习进度不断调整前期：建议10—15题刚刷660时如果遇到难度稍大的题光是解题加看懂解析就要花去大约半小时，刷完10—15题差不多一早上也过去了，尽量精做，贪多嚼不烂。中期：建议25题左右基础知识储备上来并且也掌握一定的解题技巧后要不断提高做题速度，最好保持这个速度刷完整本书，每天练题时都标注好完成任务花了多长时间，以此来直观查看做题效率。后期：不设上限建议这个阶段二刷或三刷，不是整本书重新来一遍，而是把之前标注过的重点题目重刷（下文会提供标注方法），会做的题一笔带过。★超详细刷题攻略其实刷题不需要顾忌太多，你怎么想的就怎么解，之后再慢慢向正确的解题思路靠拢。前期刷题进度进展缓慢要么就是基础知识掌握不好，要么就是题型归纳总结不到位，如果是后者，且听惊呼君慢慢道来...做题过程中，但凡你有一点点思路，都不要提前看答案，读懂题目问的是什么，先把自己能想到的解决方案一步步写下来，或者你觉得可以用到哪些定理和哪些公式也都行，然后再去对照答案查看自己究竟是在哪里出的问题。完整的解题流程可以参考下图：在整理错题的过程中，可以先分类标注题目类型，简单的会做的就不用特地标记了。一般这样表示：○代表技巧题，×代表错题，△代表重要的题。○技巧题：对于使用同一种解题方法的难题我们需要在题目前标注○并且标注上相同的序号。例：当你做中值定理这部分的时候，使用罗尔定理就标①，使用拉格朗日就标②，两个都用上了就标注①②，这样有利于后期根据序号对相同类型的题目进行深入思考和总结。×错题：对于做错的题目，我们需要标注上×，还要写清楚错误原因。例：A计算粗心、B定理不熟悉、C概念条件使用混淆等。到了后期就可以根据这些标记来综合分析自己最爱在哪个毛病上犯错，很多时候会因为思维太快导致演算过程跟不上，省略了很多计算步骤，常常连正负号转换都没注意，最后当然推不出正确答案。就要强迫自己不乱跳步骤，把解题过程写清楚写完整，这样下来后期做真题还有模拟题的时候就很少丢分了。△重要的题：在复习过程中如果发现有的技巧题做几遍还是做不对或者这道题是这类技巧经典的例题，这个时候就把○改为△。注：这样标记有利于筛选掉已经掌握了的题，后期冲刺的时候直接精准定位重要题型，把更多精力投放在掌握不好但又重要的知识点上，尽量节约备考时间。当然了，这样一套错题总结流程的顺利实施建立在你能长时间保持主动思考并坚持努力的基础上，再加上优秀的个人学习能力效果简直不要太好。如果只是三分钟热度并且学习能力总是原地踏步，后果可想而知。看懂解析需要剥去方法的形式表象找到方法的本质，初学者或数学思维欠缺的人需要较长的过程来锻炼这种能力。如何把660吃得透透的？吃透660最重要的步骤就是要学会思考。在做题过程中，一般把思考环节分为这样三个阶段：“归纳→抽象→造题”归纳：把之前标注好序号的题目进行整理，把相同序号的题进行简化，并将他们写到一张纸上。简化题目就是提取题目的主干条件以及隐藏条件；抽象：对题目条件进行分析，从而提取出不同条件中的本质和共性。可以对整理好的题目进行去伪存真，具体来说就是思考这么几个问题：“为什么两个条件不一样，用的却是同一个方法，他们的内在本质是什么？”，“为什么两个条件一样，但是用的方法却不同呢？二者是否同根而异法？”，“这些问题的形式有什么相似之处？遇到这样的形式该怎么办？”等等。这么说可能大家可能还是有些抽象，来看一下中值定理惊呼君是怎么总结的：通过分析题目，对不同定理的使用条件进行了归纳总结。这样每次做到中值定理相关的题目时，就会有意识地匹配题目条件，对号入座去一个一个试验满足条件的方法。最后90%的情况下都能找到题目的正解。但值得注意的是，这个阶段是考研数学最花费时间的阶段。因为假设做完一类题目需要用1小时的话，想要总结出这类题目的抽象知识点则至少需要一整天的时间！所以要想提高数学水平，一定要尽早开始并保持高效刷题！造题：做好归纳和抽象的工作，你的数学能力已经提高很多了，学有余力那就可以试着造一下题目。为了更直观，来举两个例子，例一如下：想必大家做完这道题都会觉得很简单，但大部分人并没有深入思考，脑海中只存有x和sin(x)的反代换关系。试着稍微深入一下，其实所有三角函数，x与1/x，甚至稍微复杂一点的：都是同样的反代换关系。再来看看例二：仔细分析过后我们就能总结出解决这类题目的万能公式：我们常见的式子通常长这样：其实这就是万能公式n=1的情况，刚好今年有一道题是这样的：其实这就是万能公式n=0的情况（求负导数即进行积分）。由此可见，如果认真对题目进行了归纳、抽象以及造题，不管题目的外在形式怎么变，方法吃透了都是纸老虎！实力决定分数的基准，运气决定分数的浮动。与其老是琢磨今年的考题难不难，不如把更多精力投资在备考复习，个人坚持不断的努力能够帮助你提高分数的基准，即便题目再难，惊呼君相信你的最终结果也不会太差。

亲爱的同学们，马上就要开学了，准备考研的你们准备好了吗？IF你的专业是考数学的话一定要趁早开始，数学这种长线学科所耗费的时间和精力是及其多的。考研数学分为数学一，数学二，数学三，其中的差别你们可能都已经了解。今儿六六就来来唠叨唠叨考研中的数学名师，帮你选择适合自己的老师和书籍！首先你要知道，考研辅导名师中真正在命题组呆过的人只有政治的肖秀荣老爷子和讲概率的大神王式安！ 所以政治跟谁你懂得！所以概率论跟谁你懂得！然后你要明白，数学150不是非常好考的，高数有几道压轴题是专门为了那些牛逼的志在冲刺150学生准备的！但是题目也是非常注重基础的，比如19年数二真题第一题，你要问我怎么做，好吧，我选择拒绝回答！汤家凤！如果你数学基础不好（挂科或者勉强及格）严重推荐汤家凤老师的零基础课程和基础课程，汤家凤老师素以基础严谨出名，干货满满，而且全程跟进，有着免费的微博直播课程，是一位非常负责任的愤青老师！！口头禅：这道题我拿到手就会做，清晰的八达鸟 。著有《无师自通复习全书》《高数、线代辅导讲义》《接力题典1800》等等。推荐跟进汤老师的高数全程和线代基础。张宇老师的课非常幽默轻松，素以狗三，tan cot上下位等各种段子出名，但是他课堂举的例子是非常少的，经常一小节讲一两道题就过去了，而近些年张宇老师也认识到这点，在课堂上逐渐提高题目数量。但 张宇老师的基础课一点不基础，只适合有基础乃至非常好的同学。但是你没有基础，千万不要去直接听张宇的课程，不然你会被直接劝退！而且会被坑的很惨！当然了额，《张宇的高数18讲》，销量牛逼，是真的好，但现张宇的线代和概率极其不推荐。武忠祥 两个字！牛13， 课堂上全是干货，不夹杂一点个人情感，基础打好安利其17堂专题课。（唯一让人吐槽他藏着许多东西课上讲，书上没有，嗯，或许可能是书好久没更新了） 李永乐 永乐大帝，线代王！ 一定要把老爷子课堂上讲的仔细整理，（老爷子一定不会整理笔记，知识点有点杂乱），基础不好可以先听汤老师的现线代基础再去跟进李老爷子的全程。王式安，命题组出来的，来不及解释了快上车。李林，押题圣手，18年闹得沸沸扬扬的“泄题”押题者，18年“押”中包括数三30多年只考过一次的知识点在内的接近80.90分的考点，（是泄还是押18考生最有资格评价）19年开始出来讲课，出书出卷。19年再次实力压中多道题。 李正元，一个落寞的王者，不讲课许久，其系列书销量也远远不如从前，但是的确经典。（当年的二李全书，指的就是李正元和李永乐，后来不知道什么原因，李永乐声称未参与编写，而后两者分 家，一红一粉，红全书仍然辉煌，无奈粉皮书已然没落，）粉皮书自成体系，有着许多经典的分类及试题，具有非常高的参考价值。 或许再过几年粉皮书就会彻底没落，每每念此，默然悲伤，此致敬礼。此外还有文都低调的主讲线代和概率余炳森老师，新东方杨超，张宇团队高昆仑等等。当然老师之间也会有所分歧，也有自己所擅长的领域下面我们再来讲讲书籍全书类 汤老师的《无师自通》 李永乐的红色复习全书 李正元的粉色复习全书 若果你暂时没决定好数几请看 推荐习题集 汤《1800》 张宇《1000》 李老爷子《660》三者各有特点，汤注重基础，张注重发散 ，李注重逻辑，可凭自己喜好购买其中一本。数学练习不要追求数量，而要追求质量，把一个题目做会做懂总比囫囵吞枣做好多道题要强的多！当然一 定数量的练习是比不可少的。当然，最好的习题就是真题，2000年前的真题可以直接拿来当练习题来做。真题 汤家风《真题》 试题和答案按照年份编著，包含全部年份 张 宇《真题》 试题年份分类， 答案按照题型分类汇总。包含全部年份 缺点是答案过于简单。 胜在有高昆仑老师的带你做真题的配套视频李永乐《真题》 试题答案同张宇，但是只有近十几年的题目，前些年的没有纸质版的答案。李正元《真题》 试题答案同张宇，同样只有近十几年的题目，前些年没有纸质版的答案高教版《真题》 试题答案按照年份编著，但是解析真的详细！！！{这个一定要入手}毛纲源《真题》 试题答案同张宇，但主打题型分类，解析也蛮详细 缺点单色印刷，还存在些小瑕疵。属于比较小众让人又爱又恨的真题集大多数的老师都建议大家强化阶段（暑假）结束后开始练习真题，最晚十月份开始。但是六六想说的是。真题一定要趁早！！！可能大多数人会嗤之以鼻，不以为是。但六六觉得历年真题才是最好的练习题，完爆1800，1000，660 30多年的真题 30* 23=690 抛弃那些过时的题型 ，怎么的都有500道题，把这些题吃透了比啥都强。模拟题汤《最后8套卷》 难度适中张宇的8+4 劝退难度李永乐 6+2 经典经典，印刷和纸张被吐槽很久了李正元预测卷+超越135经典经典，小错误瑕疵，冲刺用135搭配武状元忠祥17堂课 ，嘿嘿嘿合工大五套卷 最贴近真题的模拟题，超经典李林6+4 据说很牛，没用过！ 李林大神押题圣手，有时候你复习一年都不如他一堂课的存在，最后的押题课是一定要听的。可以预留近三年的真题来当做模拟题用来练手，模拟题根据自己实际情况来选择购买，如果真题吃透了，可以做模拟题。但是没有吃透还是建议不要去碰模拟题。你要明白真题是怎么出出来的，开个玩笑，就是把命题老头关在小黑屋里，每个人出自己擅长科目章节的题目，然后老头们做在一块来审题，从几个老头中出的题中挑出23道来凑成一张试卷。别的老师不清楚， 而合工大正是走的这个流程，你懂得！六六做个推荐如果你现在还不确定考数一、数二还是数三，还是建议先你们入手单本的辅导讲义，毕竟全书是数1.2.3还是有很大区别的。李老爷子的《线代辅导讲义》这是必须入手的 《张宇18讲》《汤高数讲义》《武忠祥高数讲义》三选一 ， 强烈安利武忠祥老师的高数17堂专题视频课《王世安概率》《余炳森概率》二选一全书的话 汤的《无师自通》，李永乐的红色复习全书 还是李正元的粉色复习全书 三者有一个就可以了，多了你也看不完系列。真题的话《高教版真题》强烈安利 剩下的真题集可以根据自己喜好来挑选弱弱的推荐李正元和毛纲源《真题》结语: 数学可以选择自己喜欢的老师跟着走下去 选择哪个老师是你自己的事情。但是数学这门学科，一定要多加练习。每天至少抽出2.3个小时来用以练习。 数学一定要通过做题来尽可能认识题型，给出你条件你要明白有哪些知识点在里面。举个简单例子如设A为三阶矩阵，且A的每行元素之和是3 ，你要立马得出A的一个特征值为3，特征向量为（1.1.1）T。 2000年前的真题还是比较简单的，基础阶段强化强化阶段啦就直接当做习题来做，会做就会做，不会做就去翻答案去记住，记的滚瓜烂熟。 2004-2019年的真题可以留在强化完成后来做你就会发现非常顺手！PS。几天后的开学季，6.18，暑假开学季，双11，双12 等等这些节日可以让你省很多钱。买肖秀荣政治的预售也是相当便宜的。数学一定要买正版！切记切记！2019！努力！奋斗！奔向2020！

考研数学是很多学科绕不过的一门专业课程，考研数学在考研初试中占了150大分，因此，考研数学的复习在很大程度上决定了你考研的成功或失败，考研数学复习内容较多，学习难度较大，需要你必须用更多的时间去学习它，复习它。只有坚持下去才回有回报！我是一名2020考研学生，是一名工科学生，专业是电子与通信工程。考研数学考的数二，专硕。初试成绩公布以后，数学考到了100+的成绩，好多小伙伴就问我，考研数学是怎么复习的？该怎样去复习？我先给大家讲述一下，我考研数学的复习经历，复习过程，供大家参考一下，然后再根据大家问的比较多的几个问题，给大家做一下简单的回答。我是19年4月份才开始进入自习室，开始准备考研课程的复习，当然最先开始的最早开始课程就是数学和英语，这两门课程，应该说是时间战线最长，复习时间最久，最难的两门学科吧，今天我重点说一下数学，我数学开始的时间算是四月份开始的，这个时间不算早，算是比较晚的了，因为我在三月份还在准备一场蓝桥杯比赛。省赛比赛结束，也就是四月份，进去自习室，我开始拿出同济大学的高等数学一，高等数学二开始看。因为时间比较紧，高等数学一我看了大概用了20天的时间吧，快速的浏览了一下，记了简单的笔记，笔记重点写是的一些概念，对这一本书有一点点印象。高等数学二，用了一星期左右的时间过了一遍，其实后面看着都挺急了，人家复习快的都开始跟老师看视频学习，我还在看课本，只想着随便记记笔记，快速看完就行了。然后就到了五月份了，蓝桥杯比赛成绩公布，获得了省赛一等奖，五月下旬去北京参加总决赛，我当时很清楚，如果五月份准备蓝桥杯比赛，我数学可能就真的跟不上进度了，数学复习不好考研失败的可能性就很大了。我当时决定，继续复习数学，买了两本李永乐的复习全书和660题库，网课跟了汤家凤老师的视频课，从基础部分，每天看一两个小时的视频，自己跟着汤老师记笔记。然后又买了汤老师的1800题，视频和练习题同步，刚开始做题进度特别慢，一个小时也做不了几个题，一天下来也做不了一页。反正也就是慢慢坚持吧，看视频记笔记，复习笔记，做习题。比赛只要进入国赛，学校就会给你报名，去北京三天比赛，回来时在学数学都非常不适应了，一个星期才回到以前的状态，因此，没什么事，数学一定不能断，数学一定不能断。第一遍基础部分应该在六月份学习结束，练习题也要跟课程同步，七月份八月份是数学进入强化的黄金阶段。千万不可往后推，因为后面还有好多课程需要时间，例如专业课，政治，后面都要花好多时间的。后面强化部分下次再分享吧，这次主要基础部分。下面回答小伙伴的一些问题。1。现在在家复习数学没有状态，静不下心做题。今年因为疫情影响，没办法只能呆在家里复习，学习状态需要自己毅力去控制，可以把自己关在房间里，或者跟同学聊聊学习进度，想一想自己为什么考研，考研失败该怎么办，今年这样的就业形势能找到好工作吗。给自己一点压力，状态是慢慢进入的。只要坚持下去，第一天能做一个题，第二天就敢做两个，几天之后状态就有了。一旦出现某一天不想做题了，就一定会出现某两天不想做了。状态也就没了，状态来的慢，去的快。一定要坚持。2 。学着前面的，忘着后面的，怎么办？首先你要知道这是正常现象，人都会遗忘，尤其是新知识遗忘更是快。看过的知识点每天花几分钟在看一遍，然后再脑子里回想一遍。只要做题做了一定程度，笔记复习到了一定程度，这些都是水到渠成都熟悉了。还是一点比较重要。坚持，坚持，坚持！！！先分享这么多，有问题的小伙伴欢迎大家留言，我会一一给大家解答。

2020考研已经过去了4个月，不知不觉中今年也过去了1/3，而2021年的考研也只剩下了不到8个月。疫情尚未完全消除，除毕业生外其他年级开学更是遥遥无期，因此更需要个人在家努力做好备战。学校那么备战考研，辅导书是必不可少的。学长接下来为2021年的小伙伴简单总结了三个系列的数学辅导书，这三个系列也对应了三组不同的考研数学老师的风格。（1）张宇（狗头滑稽）系列丛书（哪里跑）张宇说起张宇，最出名的其实应该是他的讲课风格，幽默风趣段子频出，譬如“立即推，放弃考研”“点火公式”再加上天生喜庆的面容，因此深受同学们的喜爱。张宇张宇的讲课方式，据我很多同学反应，他的讲课更加注重方法的传授和对知识点的理解。他会以一种有趣的方式方法传授给你，但是他的讲课风格也会存在缺陷--缺少大量题目的练习。往往会听课听得懂，做题就不会了。他的代表书有《高数十八讲》、《线代九讲》、《概率论九讲》，以及《1000题等》。他的书题目偏难，尤其是模拟题，适合偶数年练习。（2）“布达鸟”汤家凤汤家凤操持着一口浓重的方言版普通话，讲课方式也是幽默诙谐，而且还带着一点暴躁，常常课上传授人生哲理。汤家凤汤家凤的讲课会包含大量的练习以及反复的做题，并且数学知识点覆盖全面，基础知识覆盖全。适合基础差或者刚刚准备的小白，但是他讲授的方法并不是那么让人接受。他的代表书有：《高数辅导讲义》《1800题》，他的书偏基础，体量大。（3）数学命题组三剑客，高数”武忠祥“，线代”李永乐“概率论”王式安“。三剑客这三位大佬都是参加过考研命题的老师，资历与能力不必担心，硬实力过硬。武钟祥李永乐王式安可能在讲课风格方面略显沉闷，但是内容绝对上乘，编写的书的质量也很高。代表书：《复习全书》、《高数辅导讲义》、《线代辅导讲义》、《概率论辅导讲义》、《660题＋330题》内容质量高。以上就是我为大家总结的三组数学考研老师，请各位考研学子自行选择，合适自己的就是最好的。考研倒计时同学们也可以私信会回复”考研资料“,即可获取学长使用过的大量考研资料。另外，也可点击链接购买。

2020考研英语一真题及答案【完整版】！【完形】Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Even if families don't sit down to eat together as frequently as before, millions of Britons will nonetheless have got a share this weekend of one of that nation's great traditions: the Sunday roast. 1 a cold winter's day, few culinary pleasures can 2 it. Yet as we report now. The food police are determined our health. That this 3 should be rendered yet another quilty pleasure 4 to damage our health.The Food Standards Authority (FSA) has 5 a public worming about the risks of a compound called acrylamide that forms in some foods cooked 6 high temperatures. This means that people should 7 crisping their roast potatoes, reject thin -crust pizzas and only 8 toast their bread. But where is the evidence to support such adarmlist advice? 9 studies have shown that acrylamide can cause neurological damage in mice, there is no 10 evidence that it causes cancer in humans.Scientists say the compound is 11 to cause cancer but have no hard scientific proof 12 the precautionary principle it could be argued that it is 13 to follow the FSA advice. 14 it was rumourded that smoking caused cancer for years before the evidence was found to prove a 15Doubtless a piece of boiled feef can always be 16 up on Sunday alongside some steamed vegetables, without the York shire pudding and no wine. But would life be worth living? 17 ,the FSA says it is not telling people to cut out roast foods 18 , but rece their lifetime intake.However its 19 risks coming a cross as being pushy and overprotective. Constant health scares just 20 with no one listening.1. [A]In [B]Towards [C]on [D]Till2. [A ]match [B]express [C]satisfy [D]influence3.[A]patience [B]enjoyment [C]surprise [D]concem4.[A]intensified [B]privileged [C] compelled [D]guaranteed5. [A]issued [B]received [C]ignored [D]cancelled6. [A] under [B]at [C]for [D]by7. [A]forget [B]regret [C]finish [D] avoid8. [A]partially [B]regularly [C] easily [D]initially9. [A]Unless [B]Since [C]If [D]While10.[A] secondary [B]extermal [C] conclusive [D] negative11.[A]insufficient [B]bound [C]likely [D]slow12.[A]On the basis of [B]At the cost of [C] In addition to [D]In contrast to13.[A]interesting [B]advisable [C]urgent [D]fortunate14.[A]As usual [B]In particular [C]By definition [D]After all15.[A]resemblance [B]combination [C] connection [D]pattern16.[A]made [B]served [C]saved [D]used17.[A]To be fair [B]For instance [C]To be brief [D]In general18.[A]reluctantly [B]entirely [C] graally [D] carefully19.[A] promise [B] experience [C]campaign [D] competition20.[A]follow up [B]pick up [C] open up [D]end up答案（1-20）1. on2. match3. enjoyment4. intensified5. issued6. at7. avoid8. easily9. while10. conclusive11. bound12. on the basis of13. advisable14. after all15. connection16. served17. to be fair18. entirely19. campaign20. end up【阅读】Section III Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A group of labour MPs, among them Yvette Cooper, are bringing in the new year with a call to institute a UK "town of culture" award. The proposal is that it should sit alongside the existing city of culture title, which was held by Hull in 2017 and has been awarded to Coventry for Zozl. Cooper and her colleagues argue that the success of the crown for Hull, where it brought in220m of investment and an avalache of arts, out not to be confined to cities.Britain' town, it is true are not prevented from applying, but they generally lack the resources to put together a bit to beat their bigger competitions. A town of culture award could, it is argued, become an annual event, attracting funding and creating jobs.Some might see the proposal as a boo by prize for the fact that Britain is no longer be able to apply for the much more prestigious title of European capital of culture, a sought-after award bagged by Glasgow in 1990 and Livorpool in 2008. "A cynic might speculate that the UK is on the verge of disappearing into an endless fever of self-celebration in its desperation to reinvent itself for the post-Brexit world: after town of culture, who knows that will follow-village of culture? Suburb of culture? Hamlet of culture?It is also wise to recall that such titles are not a cure-all. A badly run "year of culture"washes in and out of a place like the tide, bringing prominence for a spell but leaving no lasting benefits to the community. The really successful holders of such titles are those that do a great deal more than fill hotel bedrooms and bring in high-profile arts events and good press for a year. They transform the aspirations of the people who live there; they nudge the self-image of the city into a bolder and more optimistic light.It is hard to get right, and requires a remarkable degree of vision, as well as cooperation between city authorities, the private sector, community groups and cultural organisations. But it can be done: Glasgow's year as European capital of culture can certainly be seen as one of complex series of factors that have turned the city into the power of art, music and theatre that it remains today.A "town of culture" could be not just about the arts but about honouring a town's peculiarities-helping sustain its high street, supporting local facilities and above all celebrating its people and turn it into action.21. Cooper and her colleagues argue that a "town of culture" award could [A] consolidate the town-city ties in Britain.[B] promote cooperation among Britain's towns.[C] increase the economic strength of Britain's towns.[D] focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22. According to Paragraph 2, the proposal might be regarded by some as [A] a sensible compromise.[B] a self-deceiving attempt.[C] an eye-cotching bonus.[D] an inaccessible target.23. The author suggests that a title holder is successful only if it [A] endeavours to maintain its image.[B] meets the aspirations of its people.[C] brings its local arts to prominence.[D] commits to its long-term growth.24. Glasgow is mentioned in Paragraph 3 to present [A] a contrasting case.[B] a supporting example.[C]a background story.[D] a related topic.25. What is the author's attitude towards the proposal?[A] Skeptical[B] Objective[C] Favourable[D] Critical答案（21-25）21.D focus Britain's limited resources on cultural events.22.B a self-deceiving attempt.23.D commits to its long-term growth.24.B a supporting example.25.C Favourable.Text2Scientific publishing has long been a licence to print money, Scientists need journals in which to publish their research, so they will supply the articles without monetary reward. Other scientists perform the specialised work of peer review also for free, because it is a central element in the acquisition of status and the proction of scientific knowledge.With the content of papers secured for free, the publisher needs only find a market for its journal. Until this century, university libraries were not very price sensitive. Scientific publishers routinely report profit margins approaching 40% on their operations, at a time when the rest of the publishing instry is in an existential crisis.The Dutch giant Elsevier, which claims to publish 25% of the scientific papers proced in the world, made profits of more than f 900m last year, while UK universities alone spent more than f 210m in 2016 to enable researchers to access their own publicly funded research;both figures seem to rise unstoppably despite increasingly desperate efforts to change them.The most drastic, and thoroughly illegal, reaction has been the emergence of Sci-Hub, a kind of global photocopier for scientific papers, set up in 2012, which now claims to offer access to every pay walled article published since 2015. The success of Sci-Hub, which relies on researchers passing on copies they have themselves legally accessed, shows the legal ecosystem has lost legitimacy among its users and must be transformed so that it works for all participants.In Britain the move towards open access publishing has been driven by funding bodies.In some ways it has been very successful. More than half of all British scientific research is now published under open access terms; either freely available from the moment of publication,or pay walled for a year or more so that the publishers can make a profit before being placed on general release.Yet the new system has not worked out any cheaper for the universities. Publishers have responded to the demand that they make their proct free to readers by charging their writers fees to cover the costs of preparing an article. These range from around500 to $5,000.A report last year pointed out that the costs both of subscriptions and of these "article preparation costs" had been steadily rising at a rate above inflation.In some ways the scientific publishing model resembles the economy of the social internet:labour is provided free in exchange for the hope of status, while huge profits are made by a few big firms who run the market places. In both cases, we need a rebalancing of power.26. Scientific publishing is seen as "a licence to print money" partly because [A] its funding has enjoyed a steady increase.[B] its marketing strategy has been successful.[C] its payment for peer review is reced.[D] its content acquisition costs nothing.!27. According to Paragraphs 2 and 3, scientific publishers Elsevier have [A] thrived mainly on university libraries.[B] gone through an existential crisis.[C] revived the publishing instry.[D] financed researchers generously.28. How does the author feel about the success of Sci-Hub? [A] Relieved.[B] Puzzled.[C] Concerned.[D] Encouraged.29. It can be learned from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that open access terms [A] allow publishers some room to make money.[B] render publishing much easier for scientists.[C] rece the cost of publication substantially.[D] free universities from financial burdens.30. Which of the following characterises the scientific publishing model?[A] Trial subscription is offered.[B] Labour triumphs over status.[C]Costs are well controlled.[D] The few feed on the many.答案（26-30）26.D its content acquisition costs nothing.27.A thrived mainly on university libraries.28.D Encouraged.29.A allow publishers some room to make money.30.D The few feed on the many.Text 3Progressives often support diversity mandates as a path to equality and a way to level the playing field. But all too often such policies are an insincere form of virtue-signaling that benefits only the most privileged and does little to help average people.A pair of bills sponsored by Massachusetts state Senator Jason Lewis and House Speaker Pro Tempore Patricia Haddad, to ensure "gender parity" on boards and commissions, provide a case in point.Haddad and Lewis are concerned that more than half the state-government board are lessthan40 percent female. In order to ensure that elite women have more such opportunities, they have proposed imposing government quotas. If the bills become law, state boards and commissions will be required to set aside 50 percent of board seats for women by 2022.The bills are similar to a measure recently adopted in Califomia, which last year became the first state to require gender quotas for private companies. In signing the measure, California Governor Jerry Brown admitted that the law, which expressly classifies people on the basis of sex, is probably unconstitutional.The US Supreme Court frowns on sex based classifications unless they are designed to address an "important" policy interest, Because the California law applies to all boards, even where there is no history of prior discrimination, courts are likely to rule that the law violates the constitutional guarantee of "equal protection".But are such government mandates even necessary? Female participation on corporate boards may not currently mirror the percentage of women in the general population, but so what?The number of women on corporate boards has been steadily increasing without government interference. According to a study by Catalyst, between 2010 and 2015 the share of women on the boards of global corporations increased by 54 percent.Requiring companies to make gender the primary qualification for board membership will inevitably lead to less experienced private sector boards. That is exactly what happened when Norway adopted a nationwide corporate gender quota.Writing in The New Republic, Alice Lee notes that increasing the number of opportunities for board membership without increasing the pool of qualified women to serve on such boards has led to a "golden skirt "phenomenon, where the same elite women scoop up multiple seats on a variety of boards.Next time somebody pushes corporate quotas as a way to promote gender equity,remember that such policies are largely self-serving measures that make their sponsors feelgood but do little to help average women.31.The author believes that the bills sponsored by Lewis and Haddad will [A] help little to rece gender bias.[B] pose a threat to the state government.[C] raise women's position in politics.[D] greatly broaden career options.32. Which of the following is true of the Califormia measure?[A] It has irritated private business owners.[B] It is welcomed by the Supreme Court.[C] It may go against the Constitution.[D] It will settle the prior controversies.33. The author mentions the study by Catalyst to illustrate [A] the harm from arbitrary board decision. [B]the importance of constitutional guarantees.[C] the pressure on women in global corporations.[D] the needlessness of government interventions.34. Norway's adoption of a nationwide corporate gender quota has led to [A] the underestimation of elite women's role[B] the objection to female participation on boards.[C]the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.[D] the growing tension between labor and management.35. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?[A] Women's need in employment should be considered.[B] Feasibility, should be a prime concern in policy making.[C] Everyone should try hard to promote social justice.[D] Major social issues should be the focus of legislation.答案（31-35）31.A help little to rece gender bias.32.C It may go against the Constitution.33.D the needlessness of government interventions.34.C the entry of unqualified candidates into the board.35.B Feasibility should be a prime concern in policymaking.Text4 :Last Thursday, the French Senate passed a digital services tax, which would impose an entirely new tax on large multinationals that provide digital services to consumers or users in France. Digital services include everything from providing a platform for selling goods and services online to targeting advertising based on user data, and the tax applies to gross revenue from such services. Many French politicians and media outlets have referred to this as a"GAFA tax," meaning that it is designed to apply primarily to companies such as Google,Apple, Facebook and Amazon-in other words, multinational tech companies based in the United States.The digital services tax now awaits the signature of President Emmanuel Macron, who has expressed support for the measure, and it could go into effect within the next few weeks.But it has already sparked significant controversy, with the Unite Sates trade representative opening an investigation into whether the tax discriminates against American companies,which in turn could lead to trade sanctions against France.The French tax is not just a unilateral move by one country in need of revenue. Instead,the digital services tax is part of a much larger trend, with countries over the past few years proposing or putting in place an alphabet soup of new international tax provisions. These have included Britain's DPT (diverted profits tax).Australia's MAAL (multinational antiavoidance, law), and India's SEP (significant economic presence) test, to name but a few. At the same time, the European Union. Spain,Britain and several other countries have all seriously contemplated digital services taxes.These unilateral developments differ in their specifics, but they are all designed to tax multinationals on income and revenue that countries believe they should have a right to tax,even if international tax rules do not grant them that right. In other words, they all share a view that the international tax system has failed to keep up with the current economy.In response to these many unilateral measures, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is currently working with 131 countries to reach aconsensus by the end of 2020 on an international solution. Both France and the United States are involved in the organization's work, but France's digital services tax and the American response raise questions about what the future holds for the international tax system.France's planned tax is a clear warning: Unless a broad consensus can be reached on reforming the international tax system, other nations are likely to follow suit, and American companies will face a cascade of different taxes from dozens of nations that will prove burdensome and costly.36.The French Senate has passed a bill to [A] regulate digital services platforms.[B] protect French companies interests.[C] impose a levy on tech multinationals.[D] curb the influence of advertising.37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that the digital services tax [A] may trigger countermeasures against France.[B] is apt to arouse criticism at home and abroad.[C] aims to ease international trade tensions.[D] will prompt the tech giants to quit France.38. The countries adopting the unilateral measures share the opinion that [A] redistribution of tech giants' revenue must be ensured.[B] the current international tax system needs upgrading.[C] tech multinationals' monopoly should be prevented.[D] all countries ought to enjoy equal taxing rights.39. It can be learned from Para 5 that the OECO's current work [A] is being resisted by US companies.[B] needs to be readjusted immediately.[C] is faced with uncertain prospects.[D] needs to in involve more countries.40. Which of the following might be the best title for this text?[A] France Is Confronted with Trade Sanctions[B] France leads the charge on Digital Tax[C] France Says "NO" to Tech Multinationals[D] France Demands a Role in the Digital Economy答案（36-40）36.C impose alevy on tech multinationals.37.A may trigger countermeasures against France.38.B the current international tax system needs upgrading39.C is faced with uncertain prospects.40.B France leads the charge on Digital TaxPart B Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Eye fix actions are brief[B] Too much eye contact is instinctively felt to be rude[C] Eye contact can be a friendly social signal[D] Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contact[E] Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated [F] Most people are not comfortable holding eye contact with strangers[G] Eye contact can also be aggressive.In a social situation, eye contact with another person can show that you are paying attention in a friendly way, But it can also be antagonistic such as when a political candidate turns toward their competitor ring a debate and makes eye contact that signals hostility.Here's what hard science reveals about eye contact: We know that a typical infant will instinctively gaze into its mother's eyes, and she will look back. This mutual gaze is a major part of the attachment between mother and child. In althood, looking someone else in a pleasant way can be a complimentary sign of paying attention. It can catch someone's attention in a crowded room, "Eye contact and smile" can signal availability and confidence, a common-sense notion supported in studies by psychologist Monica Moore.42. Neuroscientist Bonnie Augeung found that the hormone oxytocin increased the amount of eye contact from men toward the interviewer ring a brief interview when the direction of their gaze was recorded. This was also found in high- functioning men with some autistic spectrum symptoms, who may tend to avoid eye contact. Specific brain regions that respond ring direct gaze are being explored by other researches, using advanced methods of brain scanning.43. With the use of eye-tracking technology, Julia Minson of the Harvard Kennedy School of Government concluded that eye contact can signal very different kinds of messages,depending on the situation. While eye contact may be a sign of connection or trust in friendly situations, it's more likely to be associated with dominance or intimidation in adversarial situations. "Whether you' re a politician or a parent, it might be helpful to keep in mind that trying to maintain eye contact may backfire if you' re trying to convince someone who has a different set of beliefs than you," said Minson.44. When we look at a face or a picture, our eyes pause on one spot at a time, often on the eyes or mouth. These pauses typically occur at about three per second, and the eyes then jump to another spot, until several important points in the image. are registered like a series of snapshots. How the whole image is then assembled and perceived is still a mystery although it is the subject of current research.45. In people who score high in a test of neuroticism, a personality dimension associated with self-consciousness and anxiety, eye contact triggered more activity associated with avoidance,according to the Finnish researcher Jari Hietanen and colleagues "Our findings indicate that people do not only feel different when they are the centre of attention but that their brain reactions also differ." A more direct finding is that people who scored high for negative emotions like anxiety looked at others for shorter periods of time and reported more comfortable feelings when others did not look directly at them.答案（41-45）41. C Eye contact can be a friendly social signal42.E Biological factors behind eye contact are being investigated43.G Eye contact can also be aggressive44.A Eye fixactions are brief45.D Personality can affect how a person reacts to eye contactPart CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Following the explosion of creativity in Florence ring the 14h century known as the Renaissance, the modern world saw a departure from what it had once known. It turned from God and the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and instead favoured a more humanistic approach to being. Renaissance ideas had spread throughout Europe well into the 17h century,with the arts and sciences flourishing extraordinarily among those with a more logical disposition. (46) with the Church's teachings and ways of thinking eclipsed by the Renaissance,the gap between the Medieval and modern periods had been bridged leading to new and unexplored itellectual territories.During the Renaissance, the great minds of Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei demonstrated the power of scientific study and discovery. (47) Before each of their revelations many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways of thinking.including the geo-centric view that the Earth was a the centre of our universe. Copernicus theorized in 1543 that all of the planets that we knew of revolved not around the Earth, but the Sun, a system that was later upheld by Galileo at his own expense. Offering up such a theory ring a time of high tension between scientific and religious minds was branded as heresy and any such heretics that continued to spread these lies were to be punished by imprisonment or even death.(48) Despite attempts by the Church to suppress. this new generation of logicians and rationalists, more explanations for how the universe functioned were being made at a rate that the people could no longer ignore.It was with these great revelations that a new kind of philosophy founded in reason was born.The Church's long- standing dogma was losing the great battle for truth to rationalists and scientists. This very fact embodied the new ways of thinking that swept through Europe ring most of 17h century. (49) As many took on the ty of trying to integrate reasoning and scientific philosophies into the world, the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new era-the Age of Reason.The 17h and I8h centuries were times of radical change and curiosity, Scientific method,rectionism and the questioning of Church ideals was to be encouraged, as were ideas of liberty, tolerance and progress. (50) Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase' sapere aude' or dare to know',after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay" An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?".It was the purpose and responsibility of great minds to go forth and seek out the truth, which they believed to be founded in knowledge.答案（46-50）46.随着教会的教义和思维方式在文艺复兴时期黯然失色，中世纪与现代之间的鸿沟得以弥合，从而出现了新的及尚未开发的知识领域。47.在每个真理揭示之前，当时的许多思想家都采用了更古老的思维方式，仍旧沿用以前的思维模式，其中包括认为地球是宇宙中心的地球中心说。48.尽管教会试图镇压这-代逻辑学家和理性主义者，但人们对宇宙如何运转的解释却越来越多，并且以-种不容忽视的速度在增加。49.当许多人承担起将理性科学的哲学融入世界的责任时，文艺复兴时代已经结束，并且开启了一个新的时代。50.此类寻求知识和了解已知信息的行为被拉丁语概括为：“sapere aude"即"敢于求知”作文Section ll WritingPart A51. Directions:The students union of your university has assigned you to inform the international students about an upcoming singing contest. White a notice in about 100 words.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the notice. (10 points)小作文：通知留学生唱歌比赛 【参考范文】NoticeDec.21, 2019In order to enrich the campus life and provide the colorful life for you, the Students' Union is preparing the upcoming singing contest, which will be held in the auditorium in our university on the evening of December 31, 2019. Now, the Union is recruiting contestants for this competition.Anyone who are fond of signing or interested in the competition, please send his or her application to students’union@sohu.com before next Wednesday. Besides, there are generous awards in gratitude for this activity. Please do not hesitate to contact us if you have any queries concerning the singing contest. Meanwhile, volunteers for this activity are badly needed to assist us in organizing the relevant affairs.We are looking forward to your participation.The Students' UnionPart B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below, In your essay, you should1) Describe the picture briefly,2) Interpret the implied meaning, and3) Give your comments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)大作文：习惯良好的时间管理习惯 【参考范文】Portrayed distinctively by the two cartoons above is an impressive scene: a girl in the left picture is doing homework and saying that early completion is better. Nevertheless, the boy in the right picture is sitting in front of the desk and saying that he will not finish the homework until the last minute.Undoubtedly, the symbolic implication of the pictures is to show us that importance should be attached to the formation of good habits, especially the good habit of time management. On the one hand, efficient time management is critical to personal development. As the old saying goes,“Time is money," and in the fast-paced modern life, it seems that we always have a lot of things to do and we are very busy. In the face of such a situation, we have to realize that efficiency holdsthe key to saving time and time management skills hold the key to personal success. On the other hand, good time management habits play a vital role in the development of the whole society. There is no doubt that, to a large extent, social progress is closely related to the efforts of each indivial. If we can develop the good habit of time management, we are much more likely to improve efficiency and have a better performance in the learning and working process, which is anintegral part of social advances and prosperity.From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that the sense of efficient time management skills is of equal importance in personal and social progress.Therefore,we ought to take advantage of the phenomenon to enlighten the public and the press is expected to take a lead in advertising the value of developing good time management habits. Only in this way can we have a bright future.以上便是整理的2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案，2021考研的小伙伴可以参考真题，准备明年12月的考研初试。下面分享一份公共课书单，希望对大家有用：【英语书单】单词：闪过英语《考研词汇闪过》按重要程度划分了频考词、基础词、偶考词、超纲词，划重点，后期冲刺只背高频词和基础词，省时间。真题：《考研真相》（英语二：考研圣经）：一词一句讲解真题，重点词汇和每个句子都有详细讲解，不怕你看不懂，还有排除干扰项的方法，帮助提高答对率，适合基础弱的人。作文：英语一《写作160篇》/英语二《写作宝中宝》：通过词句段篇先教你学会写作文，再用三步作文法帮你拔高，专门针对基础薄弱的。【数学书单】《张宇真题大全解》：从94年到现在的真题都包括了，讲解很好，帮助研究数学题型。李永乐王式安660题：用这本书练习做题，都是经典题型！同济六版/七版《高等数学》上、下同济五版/六版《线性代数》课本：《线性代数》、《概率论》、《数理统计》【政治书单】官方红宝书（政治大纲解析）；风中劲草（三本书）、肖秀荣系列：精讲精练、1000题、讲真题、形势与政策、冲刺八套卷、最后四套卷；蒋中挺冲刺5套卷；启航20天20题

个人情况（二战）1、毕业院校：中山大学金融本科，绩点排名中上（名次大概是70/350）。2、上岸分数：政治71英语78 数学144 专业课1213、大学基础：数学：经管类高等数学95分 线代80分 概率论（本校的概率论极其简单）98分英语：四级裸考560分，六级裸考510政治：零基础，本科期间政治课程从没认真听过专业课：本科金融专业，大学期间有良好的经济学和投资学基础（公司理财基础较差）一战分数：一战期间只复习了半年，政治67，英语81，数学118，专业课98（那年上财专业课比较难）是否报班：金程全程班关于择校基于报考学校的竞争难度和自己的学习能力考虑学校：不同层次学校的金融硕士难度存在差异，追求一个比本科高1到2个档次的学校的金融硕士比较合适，比如以我考虑的学校举例：上财，复旦，清华，人大，都是金融强势的学校，从分数线而论，上财A组19年387（20年390），复旦经院19年410（20年385），人大财金19年397（402）20年，清华五道口19年396，20年385，个人可以结合自身情况有选择地报考。结合自身的优势与特点有选择地考虑学校：如果擅长数学，可以考虑考数学一与数学三的学校，擅长英语可以考虑考英语一的学校；而比如我的强势科目是数学和涉及计算推导的专业课，人大不考数学三，而是考396联考，数三只要学得好可以拿到很高的分数，所以我排除了人大这个选项。本来我是想考上财或清华，但由于清华的专业课难度会导致不确定性，清华把我劝退了，上财我还是很有把握的，但我觉得学校稍逊复旦一筹，所以最后还是决定考复旦了。但我要说的一点就是，其实复旦的特点是专业课偏简单（专业课背书厉害的有优势），适合跨考的有良好数学基础，公共课突出但对金融了解不够深入的同学。同时还要考虑学校的专业课难度和命题风格，不同学校的专业课是显著不同的。比如就我比较了解的三个学校，上财，复旦，清华，上财的专业课偏向于计算，整体难度中等，不会出现过于偏难的怪题，适合于有较好的金融学理解并能与数学能力简单结合的同学，通过临场的分析，题目都是可以完成的，上财考到120分以上属于比较不错的水平；而复旦的专业课选择题与计算题都普遍简单，纯粹考察非常基础的知识。（复旦不容许较大的失误，因为单个题目分值高，题目偏简单），但主观题比重会增加，需要有一定的专业课框架与记忆，适合十分细心并有良好的主观题答题逻辑的同学，复旦考到120分以上比较轻松；而清华五道口的题目非常的难以揣测，可以说基于历史的数据是无法预测未来的题目的，难度呈现越来越难的趋势，不同年份考察的方向完全不同，如19年偏向考察极难的数理计算，而20年考察不定项选择题，而且内容偏向于金融实务操作，与书本中的理论是比较脱节的，因此在清华如果专业课能上105，就是很不错的分数了。学习时间3月-6月末：一天学习时间7-8小时，早上英语单词背诵1小时，晚上半小时完型或阅读，剩余时间全部分配给数学，数学在这期间最好把全书、1800题、1000题刷完，并且难题做到二刷甚至三刷直到理解；金程上专业课期间就全身心投入到专业课中，每次上完专业课及时温习，完成货银和国金的书本重点高频知识掌握，并学习投资学和公司理财的基础知识。（因为我是金融本科，具体分配时间到学科上根据个人水平决定，每周休息1天，但我觉得如果专业课水平不足，可以适当增加学习专业课的时间）暑假期间：一天学习9-10小时。具体而言，数学和专业课是重点，全程跟着暑期金程二营的数学课（数学想考高分又觉得自己数学基础良好的同学最好要进二营），课后温习理解；专业课如果想拿高分，就主刷博迪投资学与罗斯公司理财，如果时间紧迫，就用上财的投资学和公司理财即可。每周休息半天到一天，不固定在星期几，感觉疲劳了就休息，我觉得这点非常重要，既不会放松过度，又能保持高效学习。9月初-10月末：一天学习10小时。开始着手复习政治，每天2-3小时，认真复习考纲并通过肖秀荣或者其他老师的题目巩固；数学进入套卷模拟，并每周左右定期找一对一老师单独考模拟卷，做到对知识的熟练运用并感受考试的压力，我个人使用的是合工大超越数学卷；至于专业课用上财清华复旦中山的真题进行训练，起到适当练习，补充知识的作用。11月底-初试：因为身体状况，我的学习效率下滑，导致我后期每天的有效学习时间只有4小时左右，主要是集中在专业课知识的细化理解，金融热点和政治的复习上，数学基本没怎么复习，这期间只做了4-5套模拟卷。注意回归专业课课本，熟悉并理解细碎知识，而不是只关注高频重点，金融热点用金程的热点书就可以了。各科的学习过程我个人认为各科的重要性：数学=专业课＞政治》英语。（一）、数学1、个人感觉考研数学的特点（尤其数三）：普通题目思路常规但是会叠加计算量，而偏难的题目思路非常的灵活但计算量往往比较小，所以很多数学学习不够扎实的同学会觉得普通题做起来都会，但因为不够熟练，做得偏慢而且容易做错，而遇到难题会无从下手，所以需要从夯实基础与做题熟练度，计算精准度，思考的灵活度这几个角度训练。注意：不要把后期做真题的分数当成自己考研时能考到的分数，因为真题的解题思路在各种练习和全书中是见过类似题目的，但上考场时的试卷一定是有没见过的新颖题目的，因此可能会产生偏差，有一定难度的模拟题会比较适合作为分数的标杆。2、使用过的资料：金程全年课程配套资料，数学复习全书、660题、1800题、1000题、高等数学证明500题（仅作为学有余力的补充资料）、合工大超越13-19模拟卷（难度会有些高）、ZY模拟8套卷、LL6套卷适合打基础的资料：数学复习全书、1800题3、学习流程及个人心得先说个人心得：本人去年一战失败的时候，深刻的感受到自身学习数学的死板性，简单来说就是只会照着在书上见过的方法，或者真题出现过的类似解法，照葫芦画瓢做题，而没有理解，做不到灵活运用，弊端就是一旦题目有所变化，就一筹莫展。事实上对于每年的考生，在考场上总会遇到新颖的题目，这需要对考研数学知识的理解与运用，建议对同一种题目采用多种思路进行解决，并多练习数学证明题。学习流程：3-4月，打基础阶段，使用复习全书和1800题基础篇，每天设置一个章节按时按量完成，做到对基础知识的有所掌握。5-6月，1000题和1800题提高篇，这个阶段的题目会显得有些难度，而且做起来比较痛苦，第一遍做起来显得生疏或者没有思路的题目，要标记下来，反复训练，并进行总结，理解到思路，最后做到一步一步有依据地独立完成题目。7-8月，金程的数学讲义与部分真题习题，扩充知识面，将之前的知识进行应用，要从懂，会的程度做到精，熟练的程度，对大多数中上等难度的题目看一眼就要有思路，并有意识地训练计算能力，也就是在保证思路正确，做题迅速的前提下，结果的正确率要非常高（这个比较难做到，但很值得重视）9-10月，因为每年都有一道比较难的压轴题，通常在高数部分以证明题的形式出现，补充额外数学题目，增进数学理解是很有必要的。主要根据个人的弱点自主选择，我个人选择的是证明题的加强训练，用的是高等数学证明500题，并不局限于做题，而是对题目从多种思路，自己的理解去思考，训练数学思维。同时可以着手进行套卷的训练，建议心理素质一般或者数学临场发挥一般的同学用难度稍高的试卷进行训练，比如合工大的超越卷（不要用成了共创，共创会简单很多），严格计时进行训练。真真正正让自己感受到一个颇具难度的3个小时数学考试是怎样的（真正的考场上是会有压力的，一旦节奏没把控好，可能就会导致时间紧迫从而产生紧张，导致自己本来会的题目不小心做错或者没时间思考自己本应该能做出来的题目），然后根据自己训练所反映出来的不足，再针对性地弥补。当逐渐适应了以后，可以考虑进一步压缩时间，比如原来3小时，可以压缩到只允许自己做2个半小时，诸如此类的方法。11-12月，如果其他科的复习压力比较大，而数学的水平已经比较理想了，可以适当放松数学的复习，大概每天做2道大题，1周做一张卷子维持手感即可。（二）英语学习流程3-6月：背单词，将考研大纲词汇过了三遍，练习完型填空100篇。暑假期间：7-8月练习真题大小作文。我个人英语最终成绩很一般，就不多说了，就说一点：单词是最基础的，只有将考研大纲词汇记牢，后续的英语学习才能有收获。（三）政治9-10月看完考纲的知识点，并辅以肖秀荣1000题进行训练，记得至少刷二次，做错的题划重点，再往后做徐涛的优题库，肖八仅做选择题，分析题我背的是徐涛小黄书，然后以肖四分析题做补充。总的来说，政治就是前期打下基础，构建知识框架，做好理解，训练选择题，后期狂背分析题，就妥妥了。专业课复旦专业课是偏简单的，但是想要拿高分也是比较难的(130分以上），我会通过总结我的学习过程还有失败的地方，来供大家借鉴，事实上我本可以做得更好。同时因为我是金融本科，所以我的金融基础会比较好，复习方法对跨考的同学不一定有借鉴意义。做得比较好的地方：认真看过博迪罗斯的重点章节，刷过罗斯博迪的课后习题，而且做了大量的清华，中山，上财的选择题与计算题，所以我的解决计算题的能力非常扎实，基本上没扣分。做得还存在不足的地方：对复旦指定教材的细致复习存在不足，对书本上的概念和细节没有关注，导致选择题错了3道，都是比较简单但很考察概念和细致的题目。复习的过程中金程的老师会把高频重点的知识挑拣出来，并多次复习，但也造成了一定程度上对细碎知识的忽略，如果想要拿高分的话，还是要自己去温习书本。复旦的试卷特点是：客观题偏简单，主观题比较难答，因此要在客观题尽量不丢分的情况下，争取主观题答得好，主观题的答题逻辑以及知识扎实就非常重要，金程的老师经常会为大家剖析论述题的答题逻辑，大家在这个过程中一定要用心，记住这种答题的套路，而不是杂乱无章地回答。3-6月：浏览课本的基础知识，并重点掌握金程专业课上的大部分知识，注意一定要掌握，做到记忆性的知识背得滚瓜烂熟的，计算的知识会做题（不一定要太难），同时看懂罗斯博迪的重点章节7-8月：用题目提高的阶段，刷完罗斯博迪的课后习题，再继续刷真题，上财和中山，人大的真题难度会稍高一点，但掌握好了做复旦的题肯定没问题（清华可以用13-18年的题目，但最近两年题目难度太高不予考虑）9-10月：专业课回归课本，对每一处细碎知识有所理解，仔细看概念，多看看书上各种理论的详尽解释，主要是为简答题提供知识储备。11-12月：关注热点，自己可以通过金融相关的公众号，查看全年的金融热点，主要以金程的热点小红书作为复习重点，涵盖的热点还是比较全面的，练习答题逻辑，同时通过考试练习答题的技巧和书写速度（复旦的答题纸11面全写满，写完异常手酸），免得正式考试慌乱。热点直接跟着金程来，完全没问题！最后说一下，考研贵在坚持，一周6天，每天要保证至少8个小时以上的有效学习时间，学习的时候保持专注与效率。从3月一路坚持到考研，我相信是会有好结果的。同时也要注意劳逸结合，锻炼身体或者适当放松，祝大家好运！本文由金程考研学员同学原创经验贴，如转载请标明来源！

相信2020年的研究生考试中第一天下午的数学公共课考试给了不少人严重的打击，这里的不少人中也包括我。本人报考南方一所985高校，要求考数学，考研属于从零自学。当天数学考试的心路历程大致是以下这样的：拿到试卷之前；胸有成竹，数学130我有！盘算着各题型三小时如何分配，不要来不及写完。试卷发下来开始做卷时：这题思路有点卡壳，额~不要耽误时间，不急先跳过。Emm……这题是考中值定理证明，试了几遍做不出来，行，我再跳，放弃了好几题之后，有点慌了，好像已经听到了凉凉。突然间考完试后的各种可能性、结果在脑海里快速闪过，一边看的试卷脑袋嗡嗡的，一边想着放弃的话浪费之前的付出，撑到考试铃声响；考完那一刻，如释重负。当时出来同考场的一位女生捶胸顿足，自言自语道：“有个选择题蒙一下也好啊，就空着收掉了。”我从旁听到，心想，我差的是那4分吗……考完之后，各种对数学的吐槽、帖子和段子扑面而来，都是同病相怜之人呐……看奇葩说，薛兆丰教授曾说过，有的时候，你看这么多成功的故事，就算和别人做的一样，也不一定会获得和他人一样的结果，而从失败的人吸收教训，避免重复一样的弯路，可能对自身发展更有益。因此对于经历了这一次考研数学的“洗礼”，加上自己的一些反思和思考，希望大家取其精华、去其糟粕，磨刀不误砍柴工，制定适合自己的学习计划和学习方法并不断反思调整，最终成功上岸。下面来说一下复习时一定要避免的坑！>>>>沉迷于网课无法自拔基础班、强化班、冲刺班……张宇、汤家凤、武忠祥、李永乐……视频课是永远看不完的，看视频轻松啊还有段子乐呵呵，但是看视频课属于眼睛会了但是脑子没会系列，视频一时爽，一到考试火葬场……看视频是你跟着老师的思路走，却减少了自己独立思考的机会。>>>>不注重看书打基础建议买本复习全书，里面的知识点很全，而且每章列出各考察题型及其相应的解题思路，刷上两三遍，能够比较系统地建立知识框架。我刚开始学数学的时候，就是听网课加上做些笔记，当时听课的时候，一听好几小时，自以为今日学习充实，可一到自己做题时两眼一抹黑……后来问了目标院校的一位学姐，请教她学习数学的方法，买了一本复习全书。的确自己看书能够先深刻理解概念、知识点，然后典型题型讲解和每章后题练习，而且有些知识点书上有，而视频课没有覆盖。>>>>只顾刷题量，不注重吃透题目身边有些同学暑期买了660题、1800题，看到又出了180题，买！11、12月份，又买了四五位老师的冲刺卷、模拟卷……看似为了学习投了资，拿着一本本书很是满足、踏实，但其中又有多少人都做完了，做完了又都弄懂了？蒙住答案自己还会做？现在自己会了，过几月还会？部分人各种笔记、旁注、做题步骤等把书空白地都填个满，实际是遇到题不会，翻答案，答案看了一遍，噢~会了，不再自己做一遍。考研怕的是自我感动和自我欺骗。>>>>缺乏阶段性回顾从初中开始养成整理错题本的习惯，可以买本康奈尔笔记本，把错题整理的过程也是思路整理的过程，通过隔一星期、半月、一月、三月……翻看，按照自己计划回顾巩固，可以达到事半功倍的效果。>>>>过分寄希望于押题以前考研的人，都认认真真起码复习了一年左右，做好准备了上考场，现在慢慢的风气变成“三个月 上岸985”“政治学半月多 考了70+”等等让很多人产生了错觉。一到12月份，买李林4卷6卷，寄期望于老师押题，而不在平时多夯实基本功，从今年政治就可窥见一斑。对于数学来说，应该把押题当作锦上添花，查漏补缺，而非雪中送炭，临时抱佛脚~以上是对考研数学的一点点看法。之前听过这样个说法，考研淘汰率70%，数学的作用，就是把考研中的70%人淘汰掉~最后送上一句话，“努力了不一定会成功，但不努力是一定不会成功的”，愿我们都是努力而幸运的人~

数学篇大家都知道，“得数学者得考研”，考研要想上岸，考好数学，是成败的关键！但我要告诉您，选好复习资料更重要!首先，考数学的同学要先搞清楚自己所考的专业是考数学几，因为它们考试的内容结构和重点是有所不同的。具体的区别如下：1、数学一/数学三：数学+线代+概率三门（150分）2、数学二：数学+线代两门（150分）数学一/二/三的题型结构都是统一的：1、单选题 8小题，每题4分，共32分，2、填空题 6小题，每题4分，共24分，3、解答题 9小题，共94分。大家知道自己考哪一项之后，接下来就是选资料了，这里和大家分享一些书本资料。一、官方资料1、《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试数学考试分析》，教育部考试中心出版。此书尽量抽空看一下，这是教育部考试中心每年出版的少数几本书之一。2、《考试大纲》，《考试大纲》年年变化不大，没必要买。但是《考试大纲解析》里面有对知识点的分析，从真题的考察角度权威解读试卷。二、教材大家不要忽略教材的重要性，盲目选取其他资料直接着手复习，把课本吃透了，打好了基础，后面的复习才会有效率。选择合适的教材决定了你的复习质量和效率，在这里主要为大家推荐以下三本教材：1、高等数学（上、下册），同济大学第六版；2、线性代数，同济大学第五版；3、概率论，浙江大学第四版。以上教材推荐最新版。这些都是无数届学生证明过的优秀教材。三、辅导书考研辅导用书可谓是考研复习的关键！市面上主流老师的辅导书包括：教材、相应习题集、考研真题、模拟冲刺卷等。在这里，小编为大家分析一些在研友中特别受欢迎的有代表性的用书。1、李正元、范培华--《数学复习全书》《数学复习全书》可能是目前用的非常广泛的书，这本书不仅讲解详细，思路清晰，重视基础，而且考研数学知识点涉及面较广，如果您把全书琢磨透了，那么考研的知识点也就掌握了，确实是比较理想的复习全书了，大家如果考数学建议还是买一本防身！2、汤家凤--《考研数学复习大全》谈这本书就必定绕不开他的视频课程，可以这么说，汤加凤的高数内容题量题型相当足，方法极为丰富，囊括了历年真题当中所有的解题方法。嘿嘿嘿，汤老师的书，买不买？不买能睡得着觉吗？四、真题考研备考，无论如何都少不了刷真题！这是最能准确定位考研命题风格、题型以及考点范围的方式，所以关于真的选择和练习大家一定要重视！下面的一些真题大家可以考虑入手：1、汤家凤--《历年真题全解析》，《接力题典1800题》精选了一些历年考研真题，对一些题目解析给出了两种或两种以上的方法，帮生开阔思路，重要题目后配有方法点评，考生遇到类似题目可以触类旁通。汤老师的《接力题典1800题》这份题也是考研党当中入手率很高的。2、李永乐-- 《考研数学历年真题试卷版》，《李永乐决胜冲刺6+2》，《李永乐660题》《考研数学历年真题试卷版》一书的解析非常详细，对于同学们掌握解题思路和方法以及总结考点有很好的帮助。《李永乐决胜冲刺6+2》，除了2套样卷是从近几年真题中选取的以外，其余6套模拟卷由数三真题改编而成，或者由少量数一数二真题组成，是高度仿真的模拟卷。《李永乐660题》卷子作为一个整体，基本囊括了所有知识点。这是打基础阶段很好的练习题，但是可能有些还是有点难度。3、张宇--《闭关修炼100题》 搭配《张宇8套卷》和《最后4套卷》这本书相对来说内容比较齐全。市面上很多真题类图书都选取近十年的真题，但事实上，很多之前的真题题目，考查价值丝毫不逊于近十年的真题，甚至更为经典。张宇的8套卷和4套卷难度明显高过真题，不少题目的命题角度和真题有明显出入，有“夺命“8+4”之称，大部分研友在做的时候感觉非常煎熬，容易打击信心，所以一定要坚持！五、网课推荐李永乐老师开设的网课将线性代数从基础班到冲击班进行了全面的细化，基础不好的同学一般建议从打基础起步。

听说置顶了公众号（加星标）的都考上了研究生(//////`)后台回复“20”加入万人考研圈子PART01考研时间从2014年开始就被安排在每年12月倒数第二周的周六周日进行，不出意外的话今年的考研初试时间应该会安排在12月21日-23日进行，相比去年又提前一天。这么算下来距离2020考研初试时间还剩243天，差不多8个月的时间，预计今年的考研人数会创新高，各位一定要提前准备，别等到考前再抱怨时间不够。PART02“感觉时间来不及，不看教材直接做题行吗？”先不说别的，如果是一战考生不看教材直接去做题会比较吃力，即使在本科阶段有比较好的高数基础，最好也要跟着全书系统性过一遍基础知识再去刷题，李永乐老师也表示现阶段还是要复习基础知识，不然到了强化阶段会比较吃力。PART03最近李永乐老师的团队在微博上针对大家问的比较多的问题进行了答疑，现整理如下。刚刚开始复习线性代数，是不是只看课本，做课本里的题就可以了？《线性代数辅导讲义》现在要不要看？答：如果刚开始复习线代的同学，你们就看你们上课的课本！！！做课本里的例题、章末习题。《线性代数辅导讲义》现在不要管，它是强化阶段用书。在你没有基础，或者基础不牢固的情况下，做这本书，会越做越糊涂，“东西都有，但是感觉很分散”。《高等数学辅导讲义》《概率论与数理统计辅导讲义》也是一样。你现在要做的事情是：用你们的课本把该捡起来的东西捡起来，把概念捡起来，把定理公式背下来，然后做简单题练手，从现在起，就要练你的计算能力。基础有了，知识框架、体系完整了，你才能顺利过渡到综合阶段。真题什么阶段做比较合适？做哪些年份比较有代表性？解：现在不要做真题。10月份，或者有的同学复习程度比较好，强化完，可以开始做真题。我认为，做真题的顺序是这样的：2011、2012、2010、2013、2009、2014、2008、2015、2007、2016、2006、2017、2005、2018，相对来说，2011、2012年的题简单一些，从易到难，这样的顺序好一些。什么时候看全书？解：复习课本，做里边的例题、章末习题的目的是让你练基本功，掌握概念、定理、公式、法则。这个功课做完之后，就可以看全书了。大学期间，大家学的是一个个孤立的知识点，但考研不是，考研综合性强，一道题可能涉及到前后数个知识点。这个大家一定要清楚。所以，不管你是看全书、讲义也好，还是市面上其他老师编写的辅导书也好，都要把这个思维扭转过来，先练好基本功。660题什么时候做？现在做660有点吃力怎么办？解：还是那句话，练好基本功。有了基本功之后，再看全书、做660。660怎么做？教大家一个方法：先做填空题，再做选择题。填空题考计算，选择题考概念。现在已经是4月中旬了，时间有点紧了，要有紧迫感，不然后面复习会比较被动。点个在看鼓励一下呗