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2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题+【答案】SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding"yes!"1helpingyoufeelcloseand2topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy5over400healthalts,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6theparticipants'susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-recingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12."Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthat'susually14withstress,"notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging"isamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty."Someexperts17thestress-recing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled"thebondinghormone"18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behaviorandphysiology.1.[A]Unlike[B]Besides[C]Despite[D]Throughout【答案】[B]Besides2.[A]connected[B]restricted[C]equal[D]inferior【答案】[A]connected3.[A]choice[B]view[C]lesson[D]host【答案】[D]host4.[A]recall[B]forget[C]avoid[D]keep【答案】[C]avoid5.[A]collecting[B]involving[C]guiding[D]affecting【答案】[B]involving6.[A]of[B]in[C]at[D]on【答案】[D]on7.[A]devoted[B]exposed[C]lost[D]attracted【答案】[B]exposed8.[A]across[B]along[C]down[D]out【答案】[C]down9.[A]calculated[B]denied[C]doubted[D]imagined【答案】[A]calculated10.[A]served[B]required[C]restored[D]explained【答案】[D]explained11.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Rather[D]Thus【答案】[A]Even12.[A]defeats[B]symptoms[C]tests[D]errors【答案】[B]symptoms13.[A]minimized[B]highlighted[C]controlled[D]increased【答案】[D]increased14.[A]equipped[B]associated[C]presented[D]compared【答案】[B]associated15.[A]assess[B]moderate[C]generate[D]record【答案】[C]generate16.[A]inthefaceof[B]intheformof[C]inthewayof[D]inthenameof【答案】[A]inthefaceof17.[A]transfer[B]commit[C]attribute[D]return【答案】[C]attribute18.[A]because[B]unless[C]though[D]until【答案】[A]because19.[A]emerges[B]vanishes[C]remains[D]decreases【答案】[C]remains20.[A]experiences[B]combines[C]justifies[D]influences【答案】[D]influencesSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons---bothfakeandreal-pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetraveletotheimprovingChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome-butthelinesareobvious.Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.21.thecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto[A]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.[B]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorUSairports.[C]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.[D]emphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.【答案】[C]explainAmericans'toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.22.whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.【答案】[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.23.Theword"expedited"(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningto[A]faster.[B]quieter.[C]wider.[D]cheaper.【答案】[A]faster.24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis[A]Adramaticrectionofitsscale.[B]Itswrongly-directedimplementation.[C]Thegovernment'sreluctancetobackit.[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.【答案】[D]Anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolution[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes【答案】[B]PreCheck-aBelatedSolutionText2"TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,"wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet'sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheisland'sinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.26.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates[A]itsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers'featsinhertime.【答案】[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsiteeto[A]itsgeographicalfeatures[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.[C]itsreligiousimplications.[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.【答案】[A]itsgeographicalfeatures28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.[C]theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.【答案】[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday'sastronomy[A]isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.[B]helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.[D]willeventuallysoftenHawaiians'hostility.【答案】[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof[A]severecriticism.[B]passiveacceptance.[C]slighthesitancy.[D]fullapproval.【答案】[D]fullapproval.Text3RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures"everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile."WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,ecationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandecation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn'tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityorecationoutcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson'ssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe[A]praisedtheUKforitsGDP.[B]identifiedGDPwithhappiness.[C]misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.【答案】[D]hadalowopinionofGDP32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.[C]theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.【答案】[B]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?[A]Itissponsoredby163countries.[B]ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.[C]Itscriteriaarequestionable.[D]Itsresultsareenlightening.【答案】[D]Itsresultsareenlightening.34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.[B]highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.【答案】[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLesson[B]GDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth[C]RebortF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP[D]Brexit,theUK'sGatewaytoWell-being【答案】[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLessonText4Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.Thehighcourt'sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell'strialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis"officialacts,"ortheformergovernor'sdecisionson"specific"and"unsettled"issuesrelatedtohisties.Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis"distasteful"and"nasty."Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan"officialact".Thecourt'srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionforbribery."Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,"wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsforthecourt,"assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns."Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindivialorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader'ssourceofwealth.Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety-thatallareequalintreatmentbygovernment-isundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindivial.Thecourt'srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.36.Theunderminedsentence(Para.1)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourt[A]avoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell'sties.[B]madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell'sconct.[D]refusedtocommentonMcDonnell'sethics.【答案】[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell'sconct.37.AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolves[A]leakingsecretsintentionally.[B]sizablegainsintheformofgifts.[C]concretereturnsforgift-givers.[D]breakingcontractsofficially.【答案】[C]concretereturnsforgift-givers.38.Thecourt'srulingisbasedontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsare[A]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.[B]qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.[C]allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.[D]exemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.【答案】[A]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.39.Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededto[A]awakentheconscienceofofficials.[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.[C]allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.[D]inspirehopesinaveragepeople.【答案】[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.40.Theauthor'sattitudetowardthecourt'srulingis[A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive【答案】[D]supportive PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.ForQuestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-Gtofillingthemintothenumberedbox.ParagraphsBandDhavebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,"ADinneratPoplarWalk"broughttearstoDickens'seyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname"Boz"inTheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.[B]TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens'sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becameanationalfigure.[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbytheten-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour'spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,DickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingDickensfeltwasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange,wentintohisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837,andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer.DickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.[E]Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter'seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhimespeciallyanythingcomicorodd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth,onEngland'ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishnavypayoffice-arespectableposition,butwishlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardandahousekeeperpossessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dicken'smothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDicken'sbirth,hismother'sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily'sincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren'sBlackingWarehouse,ashoe-polishfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas"theyounggentleman."Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather'simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDicken'sgreatestwoundandbecamehisdeepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife,althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.[G]AfterPickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.InOliverTwist,etracesanorphan'sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDichens'asanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.D→41.→42.→43.→44.→B→45.【答案】41.[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth42.[E]Soonafterhisfather'sreleasefromprison43.[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch44.[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared45.[G]AfterPickwick,DickensplungedintoableakerworldPartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThegrowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld`sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades.(46)ButevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesignsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturechangecouldstarttodiminishtheleadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantagefromthebreathofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacenewpressures.ThoserealisticpossibilitiesarehighlightedinthestudypresentedbyDavidGraddol(47)Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contentednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneedadditionallanguagecapabilities.DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualifiedmultilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheirBritishcounterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganizations.Alongsidethat,(48)manycountriesareintrocingEnglishintotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternationalecationmarketsasthedemandforecationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,ArabicorMandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagesuchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestoUK`sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroaderecationbusinesssectors.TheEnglishlanguageteachingsectordirectlyearnsnearly&1.3billionfortheUKininvisibleexportsandourotherecationrelatedexploresearnupto&10billionayearmore.Astheinternationalecationmarketexpands,therecentslowdowninthenumberofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelytocontinue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:(50)Itgivesabasistoallorganizationwhichseektopromotethelearningandverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessaryandpracticalapproach.Inthisasinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuturemustprepareforit.【答案】(46)但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。(47)因此，对于那些认为英语的国际地位无懈可击、甚至觉得他们的年青后辈们不需要学习其他语言的人而言，他的分析可能会给他们的骄傲自大画上一个句号。(48)众多国家正在将英语引进小学课程，但是，毫不夸张地说，英国学童和学生似乎没有受到更多的鼓励去学会流利地使用其他语言。(49)大卫·葛拉尔多所发现的变化给教授他国人士英语的英国机构以及更广阔的教育市场带来了显而易见的巨大挑战。(50)这给所有致力于推广英语学习和使用的机构提供了一个制定规划的依据，让我们能够应对未来完全不同的操作环境里出现的各种可能性。SectionIIIWritingPartA51.Directions：YouaretowriteanemailtoJamesCook,anewly-arrivedAustralianprofessor,recommendingsometouristattractionsinyourcity.Pleasegivereasonsforyourrecommendation.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)【参考范文】DearJamesCook,WelcometoChina!I'mwritingthisemailtorecommendsomescenicspotsinBeijingtoyousothatyoucanhaveawonderfultimehere.Firstofall,youcouldhaveavisittotheSummerPalaceandForbiddenCity,whicharerenownedforitsoldbuildingsanddiversecultures.Afterthat,itisadvisabletogotoWangFujing,whereyoucanhaveatasteofsomedeliciouslocalfoodwhileenjoyingthetraditionalculture.Finally,youcangototheNationalMuseum,inwhichsometraditionalartexhibitionsarebeingheld.Whatdoyouthinkofmyplans?IsincerelyhopethatyoucouldenjoyyourselvesinBeijinganditwillbemypleasuretobeyourguide.Yourssincerely,LiMingPartB52.Directions：Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpictures.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethepicturesbriefly,2)interpretthemeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)【参考范文】Portrayedinthetwocartoonsisthought-provoking:Intheleftone,ayoungman,comfortablyloungingonthechair,islookingathishugebookshelffullofbookscontentedly,whiletheother,intherightdrawing,isdeterminedtofinishreading20booksinayear.Bythisscenario,thecartoonististryingtoawakenustotheimportanceofreadingandstickingtoourgoals.Itisuniversallyheldthatwiththeadvanceofmodernsociety,onlythoseequippedwithupdatedknowledgewhichrequiresconstantreadingaremostlikelytoreachthesummitofthesuccess.Conversely,withoutpersistentlearningandtakingactions,ourobjectivesareboundtobeafantasy.Indeed,peoplefailalwaysbecausetheystoptrying,notbecausetheyencounterinvincibledifficulties.Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wemayreasonablyarriveattheconclusionthatonlythosewhokeeplearningandcherishthespiritofpersistencehaveopportunitiestosucceed.Therefore,suchessenceisanimportantvirtueworthyofbeingfostered.Ifyouunderstandandadheretothisprincipleinyourstudyandwork,youwilldefinitelybenefitgreatly.

考研刚刚结束，很多同学都反映今年阅读有点儿难。总的来说今年的阅读比往年难度稍有提升，但是并没有难很多，只是有个别题目较难。但其实每年都会有几道拔高难题来为难考生，所以今年也没有超出常规。今年英语二依